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The aim of this study was to determine whether the timing of BCG vaccination in relation to a malaria infection has implications for BCG vaccine efficacy. Mice were intradermally vaccinated with BCG either 4\u2009weeks before infection with blood\u2010stage <jats:italic>Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL<\/jats:italic>, at 13\u2009days post\u2010infection (during an acute blood\u2010stage malaria infection) or 21\u2009days post\u2010infection (after clearance of <jats:italic>P. yoelii 17XNL<\/jats:italic> infection). Ex\u00a0vivo control of mycobacterial growth by splenocytes was used as a surrogate of protective efficacy, and PPD\u2010specific T\u2010cell responses were quantified by flow cytometry. No differences in mycobacterial growth control were detected between BCG vaccinated mice and groups receiving vaccination prior to or after clearance of <jats:italic>P. yoelii 17XNL<\/jats:italic> infection. Poorer control of mycobacterial growth was observed following BCG vaccination administered during an acute malarial infection compared to BCG vaccination only or BCG vaccination after blood\u2010stage malaria infection, and mycobacterial growth negatively correlated with the magnitude of total cytokine production from PPD\u2010specific CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). Delayed BCG vaccination beyond the neonatal period may increase the risk of concurrent malarial infections with the potential to reduce BCG efficacy in children in malaria\u2010endemic areas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.70006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T20:08:46Z","timestamp":1750363726000},"page":"373-384","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Acute <i>Plasmodium yoelii<\/i><scp>17XNL<\/scp> Infection During <scp>BCG<\/scp> Vaccination Limits T Cell Responses and Mycobacterial Growth Inhibition"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"176","author":[{"given":"Emily","family":"Tangie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town  Cape Town South 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