{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T01:10:12Z","timestamp":1771031412418,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001513","name":"Cancer Society of New Zealand","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001513","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) E6 and E7 are oncogenic proteins that are overexpressed following viral genome integration into the chromosomal DNA of infected mucosal epithelial cells, contributing to viral immune evasion and carcinogenesis. Epithelial cells can shed large extracellular vesicles (LEVs) that may modulate immune responses. We hypothesise that LEVs shed from epithelial cells expressing E6 and E7 modulate CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cell priming by the skin\u2010local antigen presenting cells, the Langerhans cells (LCs). LEVs were isolated from control and E6\/E7\u2010expressing murine epithelial PDV cells. PDV\u2010E6\/E7 cells shed threefold more LEVs than control PDV cells in\u00a0vitro. Murine LC \u2018like\u2019 cells were differentiated in\u00a0vitro, co\u2010cultured with LEVs, and assessed for antigen presentation, co\u2010stimulatory molecule expression and cytokine production. We found that LCs co\u2010cultured with Ctrl\u2010LEVs demonstrated enhanced TAP1\u2010dependent CD8 T cell priming, which was associated with increased co\u2010stimulatory molecule and IL\u201012 expression. LCs co\u2010cultured with E6\/E7\u2010LEVs failed to enhance TAP\u20101\u2010dependent T cell priming and suppressed IL\u201012 production despite upregulating MHC\u20101 and co\u2010stimulatory molecule expression. Our results show that LC priming of T cells is enhanced following treatment with Ctrl\u2010LEVs whereas LEVs from HPV16 E6\/E7 expressing cells suppress LC function. Functional impairment of LC priming of T cells by E6\/E7\u2010LEVs released in the epithelium may contribute to viral persistence in HPV16\u2010infected skin.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.70059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T13:44:16Z","timestamp":1762350256000},"page":"501-511","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Large Extracellular Vesicles From Keratinocytes Expressing Human Papillomavirus Type 16\n                    <scp>E6<\/scp>\n                    \/\n                    <scp>E7<\/scp>\n                    Suppress Langerhans\u2010Like Cell\n                    <scp>CD8<\/scp>\n                    <sup>+<\/sup>\n                    T Cell Priming and\u00a0\n                    <scp>IL<\/scp>\n                    \u201012 Expression"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7849-2935","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vaughn","family":"Ticar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine University of Otago  Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Betina","family":"Nair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine University of Otago  Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine University of Otago  Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Allison","family":"Tschirley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine University of Otago  Dunedin New 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