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T helper 17 (Th17) cells are a distinct subpopulation of Th cells with a unique transcriptional profile (STAT3, ROR\u03b3t and ROR\u03b1), a pattern of cytokine production (IL\u201017 family, IL\u201021, IL\u201022) and specific cytokines required for differentiation (IL\u20106, TGF\u2010\u03b2, IL\u201021 and IL\u201023). Results from mouse models of infection and human epidemiologic studies indicate that Th17 cells may be vital in modulating innate and adaptive immune responses for protective immunity against chlamydia and are associated with the progression of inflammatory diseases in various organs and tissues. This article reviews the differentiation of Th17 cells during Chlamydia infection, the host defence mechanisms involved, and their critical role in the pathogenesis of inflammation and autoimmune damage, with the aim of informing the development of safe and effective Th17 cell\u2010based vaccines against Chlamydia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.70069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T00:05:02Z","timestamp":1764288302000},"page":"234-246","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["<scp>IL<\/scp>\n                    \u201017 and\n                    <scp>Th17<\/scp>\n                    Cells in Chlamydiae Infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5068-0432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuqing","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Laboratory 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