{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T15:54:41Z","timestamp":1785772481521,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779235200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012547","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025GXNSFHA069059"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025GXNSFHA069059"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012547","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018571","name":"Specific Research Project of Guangxi for Research Bases and Talents","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Guike AD23026091"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Guike AD23026091"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018571","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Gastric cancer (GC)\u2010derived exosomes (Exos) have been identified to facilitate GC progression by inducing M2 macrophage polarization. This study investigated the biological function of exosomal matrilin\u20103 (MATN3) in M2 macrophage polarisation during GC development and its underlying mechanism. Exos were isolated from GC cells and then co\u2010cultured with THP\u20101\u2010derived macrophages. Macrophage polarisation was evaluated by measuring the levels of M1\/M2 macrophage markers. Target molecule expression was evaluated by RT\u2010qPCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. LC3II expression and\u00a0the co\u2010localisation\u00a0of MATN3 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) were determined by immunofluorescent staining. In\u00a0vivo growth of GC cells was assessed in a xenograft mouse model. Molecular mechanisms were analysed by Co\u2010IP, ChIP, dual\u2010luciferase reporter assay and ubiquitination assay. MATN3 was highly expressed in GC and its high expression was negatively associated with the overall survival and M1 macrophage marker expression of GC patients. The in\u00a0vitro experiments validated that MATN3 was secreted by GC\u2010Exos, which promoted M2 macrophage polarisation via autophagy activation. In addition, exosomal MATN3 contributed to in\u00a0vivo growth of GC cells via promoting M2 macrophage infiltration. Mechanistically, MATN3 interacted with EGFR to enhance its protein stability, which activated Ets\u2010like protein\u20101 (ELK1) and consequently promoted ATG12\u2010mediated autophagy. Activation of the EGFR\/ELK1 pathway abolished exosomal MATN3 silencing\u2010mediated inhibitory effect on autophagy and M2 macrophage polarisation. GC\u2010derived exosomal MATN3 exerted an oncogenic role by inducing M2 macrophage polarisation via activation of the EGFR\/ELK1\/ATG12 axis\u2010mediated autophagy, which provides potential therapeutic targets for GC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.70144","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T05:40:39Z","timestamp":1779342039000},"page":"86-100","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Gastric Cancer\u2010Derived Exosomal\n                    <scp>MATN3<\/scp>\n                    Favours Immunosuppressive Tumour Microenvironment by Activating Autophagy in an\n                    <scp>EGFR<\/scp>\n                    \/\n                    <scp>ELK1<\/scp>\n                    \/\n                    <scp>ATG12<\/scp>\n                    Signalling Dependent Manner"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"179","author":[{"given":"Qianwen","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory The First Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University  Guilin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory The First Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University  Guilin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"She","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory The First Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University  Guilin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiyue","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory The First Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University  Guilin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory The First Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University  Guilin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danli","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory The First Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University  Guilin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1029-862X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haonan","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory The First Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University  Guilin China"},{"name":"Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastric Cancer  Guilin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.799223"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21147\/j.issn.1000-9604.2018.03.01"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2022.0008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.6.3999"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/jgo-21-267"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/1769635"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/9026918"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2021.661306"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.884090"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.116392"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/948098"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.2543"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.906625"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2022.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jot.2023.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M114.583104"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fochms.2022.100091"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.31398"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-023-06220-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31083\/j.fbs1401003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","article-title":"EGF\u2010Dependent Activation of ELK1 Contributes to the Induction of CLDND1 Expression Involved in Tight Junction Formation","volume":"10","author":"Matsuoka H.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomedicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbin.12110"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.30390"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.908447"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e19217"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1295011"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2015.1009787"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-021-03664-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/geno.1998.5519"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23761"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1878-0261.12155"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1758834017751635"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41388-020-1199-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-020-0124-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M113.528406"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41389-018-0053-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41389-018-0028-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2020.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_41_1","first-page":"3831","article-title":"Prognostic Value of Autophagy Related Proteins ULK1, Beclin 1, ATG3, ATG5, ATG7, ATG9, ATG10, ATG12, LC3B and p62\/SQSTM1 in Gastric Cancer","volume":"8","author":"Cao Q. H.","year":"2016","journal-title":"American Journal of Translational Research"}],"container-title":["Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/imm.70144","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/imm.70144","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/imm.70144","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T15:08:05Z","timestamp":1785769685000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/imm.70144"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/imm.70144"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/imm.70144","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-2805","1365-2567"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-2805","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2567","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-12-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-25","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-20","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}