{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T10:56:10Z","timestamp":1791197770592,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Type 2 immunity at mucosal surfaces is essential for helminth clearance, tissue repair, and barrier maintenance, processes governed by a robust feed\u2010forward circuit between chemosensory tuft cells and group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). However, the regulatory mechanisms that calibrate the magnitude and duration of this epithelial immune circuit remain incompletely defined. Here, we identify interleukin\u201018 (IL\u201018), a cytokine traditionally associated with type 1 immunity, as a key regulator of tuft cell\u2010mediated type 2 responses during\n                    <jats:italic>Nippostrongylus brasiliensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>N. brasiliensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) infection. IL\u201018\u2010deficient (\n                    <jats:italic>Il18<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sup>\n                    ) mice exhibited reduced intestinal worm burden at day 7 post\u2010infection, which correlated with an expansion of tuft cell lineage, increased expression of tuft cell and type 2 response associated genes, and enhanced ILC2 responses. Consistent with these findings, loss of IL\u201018 receptor (\n                    <jats:italic>Il18r1<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sup>\n                    ) further enhanced succinate\u2010induced tuft cell hyperplasia. Within the intestinal epithelium, tuft cells were found to preferentially express IL\u201018R\u03b1, suggesting potentially direct responsiveness to IL\u201018. Using small intestinal organoid models, we demonstrate that IL\u201018 directly attenuates IL\u201013\u2010induced tuft cell differentiation, proliferation, and signature gene expression in an IL\u201018R\u03b1\u2010dependent manner. Mechanistically, pharmacological inhibition of p38 MAPK partially reversed the inhibitory effects of IL\u201018, identifying p38 signalling as a critical downstream mediator of this regulatory process. Together, these findings reveal that IL\u201018 functions as a negative feedback signal to constrain tuft cell\u2010associated type 2 epithelial responses during helminth infection, thereby maintaining the balance between protective anti\u2010helminth immunity and mucosal homeostasis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.70174","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T08:28:39Z","timestamp":1785572919000},"page":"471-485","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Interleukin\u201018 Constrains the Intestinal Tuft Cell\u2010Driven Responses During Helminth Infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"179","author":[{"given":"Mengyuan","family":"Dai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiqiang","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyu","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shan","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Hunan University of Medicine General Hospital  Huaihua Hunan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7849-9163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huihui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4386-6624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yujuan","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1226-097X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Fudan University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.118"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2023.03.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08636"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08900"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3489"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2014.06.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaf1648"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature16527"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1720758115"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2018.06.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.05.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature16161"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abl6543"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577\u2010019\u20100176\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.90"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2014.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.57.2.590\u2010595.1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010022\u201028478\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.10.072"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2010.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00763"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.8.3948"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.194.3.355"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2018.03.097"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2022.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12079\u2010019\u201000544\u20104"}],"container-title":["Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/imm.70174","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/imm.70174","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/imm.70174","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T09:53:33Z","timestamp":1791194013000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/imm.70174"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/imm.70174"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/imm.70174","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-2805","1365-2567"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-2805","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2567","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-05-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-07","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}