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Prospective randomised controlled trial. Sedentary adults with obesity (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009109, 82.6% women), aged 18\u201360\u2009years, were randomised to an 8\u2010week HIIT programme (three sessions\/week) or to a nontrained control group. Expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome, characterisation of monocyte subset distribution and chemokine receptor expression (CCR2, CCR5 and CX3CR1) were assessed at baseline and after 8\u2009weeks by flow cytometry. Intermediate monocytes increased within the control group (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.006) but remained unchanged after HIIT and were significantly higher in the control than in the trained group at T1 (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.014). Nonclassical monocytes increased within the trained group (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.016) and decreased within the control group (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.018). NLRP3 expression in circulating monocytes increased within the control group after 8\u2009weeks (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.028), with no significant change within the trained group; however, the between\u2010group comparison at T1 was not significant (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.857). Expression of CCR2 in intermediate monocytes increased within the control group, with no significant changes after HIIT. HIIT was associated with prevention of the shift toward a pro\u2010inflammatory monocyte profile\u2014most robustly, a between\u2010group difference in intermediate monocytes. These findings suggest a modulatory role of exercise on monocyte\u2010driven inflammatory responses, independent of changes in body composition, in a predominantly female cohort.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Trial Registration:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials\u2014ReBEC number RBR\u20108vfxfqd.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.70206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T03:54:12Z","timestamp":1790049252000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["High\u2010Intensity Interval Training Modulates\n                    <scp>NLRP3<\/scp>\n                    Inflammasome\u2010Related Expression and Monocyte Subset Distribution in Adults With Obesity: A Randomised Trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6987-7114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela A. de","family":"Abreu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Post Graduation Program in Health Sciences Santo Amaro University  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Lu\u00edza P. A.","family":"Silveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post Graduation Program in Health Sciences Santo Amaro University  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stella de S.","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post Graduation Program in Health Sciences Santo Amaro University  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"},{"name":"Cardiology Division, Medicine Department Federal University of Sao Paulo  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9911-4598","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco A. H.","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Division, Medicine Department Federal University of Sao Paulo  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5738-2623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Cristina","family":"Izar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Division, Medicine Department Federal University of Sao Paulo  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f4natas B. do","family":"Amaral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ENT Research Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery Federal University of Sao Paulo  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4167-4293","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolina N.","family":"Fran\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post Graduation Program in Health Sciences Santo Amaro University  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","unstructured":"Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 \u201cGlobal Burden of Disease Study 2015 (GBD 2015) Obesity and Overweight Prevalence 1980\u20132015 \u201dInstitute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME)2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0065174"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467\u2010789X.2011.00879.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood\u20102010\u201002\u2010258558"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1567833"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a\u20101720\u20100369"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20170009"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074\u20107613(03)00174\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.114.304650"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood\u20102011\u201001\u2010326827"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2024.131780"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehad304"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573\u2010023\u201000822\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569\u2010023\u201000946\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125\u2010024\u201006306\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports\u20102013\u2010092576"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2014.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193146"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40200\u2010017\u20100326\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0343214"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1368835"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.123.319251"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000002419"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10123480"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784\u2010023\u201005299\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2019.05.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","first-page":"54","article-title":"Higher Levels of Physical Activity Are Associated With Reduced Tethering and Migration of Pro\u2010Inflammatory Monocytes in Males With Central Obesity","volume":"27","author":"Wadley A. 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