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This activated T\u2010cell response can inflict an overwhelming degree of damage to the targeted cells, which in most instances leads to the control and elimination of foreign invaders. However, in conditions of chronic infection, persistent exposure of T cells to high levels of antigen results in a severe T\u2010cell dysfunctional state called exhaustion. T\u2010cell exhaustion leads to a suboptimal immune\u2010mediated control of multiple viral infections including the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In this review, we will discuss the role of T\u2010cell exhaustion in HIV disease progression, the long\u2010term defect of T\u2010cell function even in aviremic patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART), the role of exhaustion\u2010specific markers in maintaining a reservoir of latently infected cells, and exploiting these markers in HIV cure strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12823","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,28]],"date-time":"2019-12-28T01:59:36Z","timestamp":1577498376000},"page":"149-163","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":408,"title":["T\u2010cell exhaustion in HIV infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"292","author":[{"given":"Craig","family":"Fenwick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Service of Immunology and Allergy Department of Medicine Lausanne University Hospital University of Lausanne Lausanne 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