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However, unwanted T cell activation can also lead to deleterious immune\u2010mediated inflammation and tissue damage. To ensure that an optimal T cell response can be established, each step, beginning from T cell development in the thymus to their activation and function in the periphery, is tightly regulated by many transcription factors and epigenetic regulators including microRNAs (miRNAs). Here, we first summarize recent progress in identifying major immune regulatory miRNAs in controlling the differentiation and function of distinct T cell subsets. Moreover, as emerging evidence has demonstrated that miRNAs can impact T cell immunity through targeting both immune\u2010 and non\u2010immune cell populations that T cells closely interact with, the T cell\u2010extrinsic role of miRNAs in regulating different aspects of T cell biology is also addressed. Finally, we discuss the complex nature of miRNA\u2010mediated control of T cell immunity and highlight important questions that remain to be further investigated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.13029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,22]],"date-time":"2021-09-22T00:45:07Z","timestamp":1632271507000},"page":"126-140","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Cell\u2010intrinsic and \u2010extrinsic roles of miRNAs in regulating T cell immunity"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"304","author":[{"given":"Sunglim","family":"Cho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biological Sciences University of California La Jolla California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayi","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biological Sciences University of California La Jolla California 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