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Most of this knowledge stems from murine studies, which provide access to all organs. These studies also allow for a thorough assessment of the T<jats:sub>RM<\/jats:sub> compartment for each tissue and across tissues with well\u2010defined experimental and environmental variables. Assessing the functional characteristics of the human T<jats:sub>RM<\/jats:sub> compartment is substantially more difficult; thus, notably, there is a paucity of studies profiling the T<jats:sub>RM<\/jats:sub> compartment in the human female reproductive tract (FRT). The FRT is a mucosal barrier tissue that is naturally exposed to a wide range of commensal and pathogenic microbes, including several sexually transmitted infections of global health significance. We provide an overview of studies describing T cells within the lower FRT tissues and highlight the challenges of studying T<jats:sub>RM<\/jats:sub> cells in the FRT: different sampling methods of the FRT greatly affect immune cell recovery, especially of T<jats:sub>RM<\/jats:sub> cells. Furthermore, menstrual cycle, menopause, and pregnancy affect FRT immunity, but little is known about changes in the T<jats:sub>RM<\/jats:sub> compartment. Finally, we discuss the potential functional plasticity of the T<jats:sub>RM<\/jats:sub> compartment during inflammatory episodes in the human FRT to maintain protection and tissue homeostasis, which are required to ensure reproductive fitness.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.13212","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]],"date-time":"2023-05-04T11:09:52Z","timestamp":1683198592000},"page":"52-62","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Advances and challenges in studying the tissue\u2010resident T cell compartment in the human female reproductive tract"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"316","author":[{"given":"Jennifer M.","family":"Lund","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center  Seattle Washington USA"},{"name":"Department of Global Health University of Washington  Seattle Washington 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