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This means that, before being formally identified in immune serum, antibodies were already known to be both protective and pathogenic. For this provocative finding, Charles Richet was awarded the 1913 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Because, as its name said, anaphylaxis was understood as \u201cthe contrary of protection,\u201d unique mechanisms were found to explain it. Because, as its name did not initially say but finally said, allergy was understood as a reaction \u201cother\u201d than immunity, its symptoms were explained by mechanisms similar to those that explained anaphylaxis. We examined here the intricate relationships between anaphylaxis, allergy and immunity. Progressively anaphylaxis became one among other pathological effects of an immune response, and allergy an inflammatory disease among others. Looking at antibodies back in the past enables us not only to learn where they come from, but also to follow trends that contributed to shape immunology, some of which may persist in today's immunological thinking and say something about the future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.13415","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]],"date-time":"2024-11-04T08:33:44Z","timestamp":1730709224000},"page":"24-38","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Life\u2010threatening antibodies: The discovery of anaphylaxis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"328","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5651-9851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc","family":"Da\u00ebron","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille\u2010Luminy Aix Marseille Universit\u00e9\u2010CNRS\u2010Inserm  Marseille France"},{"name":"Institut Pasteur\u2010Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9  Paris France"},{"name":"Institut d'histoire et de philosophie des sciences et des techniques Universit\u00e9 Paris 1 Panth\u00e9on Sorbonne\u2010CNRS  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0869-0483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Birgitta","family":"Heyman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1652-3880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne Marie","family":"Moulin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMR 7219 SPHERE CNRS\/Universit\u00e9 Paris\u2010Cit\u00e9  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0764-4469(98)80049-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"277","article-title":"The etiology of anthrax, based on the life history of bacillus anthracis","volume":"2","author":"Koch R","year":"1876","journal-title":"Beitr Biol Pflanzen"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","first-page":"1083","article-title":"De l'att\u00e9nuation du chol\u00e9ra des poules","volume":"57","author":"Pasteur L","year":"1880","journal-title":"Rec Med Vet"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"1113","article-title":"Ueber das Zustandekommen der Diphtherie\u2010Immunitat and der Tetanus\u2010Immunit\u00e4t bei Thieren","volume":"16","author":"Von Behring E","year":"1980","journal-title":"Dtsch Med Wochenschr"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1206682"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","volume-title":"The Harben Lectures for 1907 of the Royal Institute of Public Health","author":"Ehrlich P","year":"1908"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(01)01526-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","volume-title":"Nobel Lectures, Physiology or Medicine (1901\u20131921)","year":"1967"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","first-page":"145","article-title":"Histoire de la d\u00e9couverte de l'anaphylaxie","volume":"5","author":"Moulin AM","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hist Sci Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","unstructured":"PortierP.Laboratory book n\u00b03 labelled \u201cAnaphylaxis. 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