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Yet, recent outbreaks of emerging and reemerging infectious diseases highlight the need for rapid and strategic vaccine development using vaccine platforms technologies. Sexual dimorphism in vaccine\u2010induced immune responses has received significant attention in recent years. To ensure vaccine safety and efficacy across sexes, sex\u2010based differences should be considered in vaccine design, dosing, and regimen. Evidence on many traditional vaccines, such as the inactivated influenza vaccine, shows a female bias in innate and adaptive immune responses following vaccination. Thus, it has long been suggested that females universally develop stronger humoral and cellular immune responses to vaccines compared to males. However, compared to traditional vaccines, studies investigating sex differences following vaccination with next\u2010generation platforms, such as viral vector vaccines, remain limited. 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