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Patients who are younger, male, and have a history of substance use and psychosis diagnoses are more likely to display aggression; however, patient factors are not solely responsible for violence, and there are complex circumstances that lead to aggression. Indeed, patient\u2013staff interactions lead to a sizeable portion of aggression and violence on inpatient units, thus they cannot be viewed without considering other forms of conflict and containment that occur before, during, and after the aggressive incident. For this reason, we examined sequences of aggressive incidents in conjunction with other conflict and containment methods used to explore whether there were particular profiles to aggressive incidents. In the present study, 522 adult psychiatric inpatients from 84 acute wards were recruited, and there were 1422 incidents of aggression (verbal, physical against objects, and physical). Cluster analysis revealed that aggressive incident sequences could be classified into four separate groups: solo aggression, aggression\u2013rule breaking, aggression\u2013medication, and aggression\u2013containment. Contrary to our expectations, we did not find physical aggression dominant in the aggression\u2013containment cluster, and while verbal aggression occurred primarily in solo aggression, physical aggression also occurred here. This indicates that the management of aggression is variable, and although some patient factors are linked with different clusters, these do not entirely explain the variation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/inm.12191","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,20]],"date-time":"2016-02-20T14:51:45Z","timestamp":1455979905000},"page":"308-318","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Aggression on inpatient units: Clinical characteristics and consequences"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7060-4537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laoise","family":"Renwick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London"},{"name":"School of Nursing, Midwifery Social Work University of Manchester  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duncan","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, Social Work and Human Sciences University of West London"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Richardson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Childhood, Families and Health, Institute of Education University College London  London"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Lavelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"James","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Hardy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Owen","family":"Price","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Midwifery Social Work University of Manchester  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Len","family":"Bowers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-0179-3-30"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","volume-title":"SPSS twostep cluster: A first evaluation","author":"Bacher J.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0b013e3181bb0d6b"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","first-page":"771","article-title":"Can prediction of violence among psychiatric inpatients be improved","volume":"41","author":"Blomhoff S.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Hospital and Community Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpm.12129"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpm.12085"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0020764007075011"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-005-0967-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpm.12080"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2648.2011.05784.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2850.2011.01856.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","volume-title":"Inpatient violence and aggression: a literature review","author":"Bowers L.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00048670701881520"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2010.12.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/14636646200300024"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/pb.23.8.486"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10398560802027302"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470977811"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","first-page":"211","article-title":"Characteristics of four types of patient assaults: six year analysis of the Assaulted Staff Action Program (ASAP)","volume":"3","author":"Flannery R. 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