{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T01:20:20Z","timestamp":1780536020240,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,21]],"date-time":"2017-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010872","name":"King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010872","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Mental Health Nurs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The introduction of smoke\u2010free policies is increasingly common in mental health settings, to improve health. However, a barrier to implementing smoke\u2010free polices is staff concern that violence will increase. We conducted a systematic review comparing the rates of violence before and after the introduction of smoke\u2010free policies in mental health settings. Two authors searched major electronic databases. We included studies reporting the prevalence of violence (verbal and\/or physical or combined) before and after the introduction of a smoke\u2010free policy in a mental health, forensic, or addiction setting. We included 11 studies in the review. A narrative synthesis was used to describe the key results of each study. Six studies measured physical violence specifically; four reported a decrease or no change and two reported a short\u2010term increase. Five of these six studies also measured verbal violence; two found an increase, with one of the studies reporting that this increase was temporary. Three reported a decrease in verbal violence. A further five studies evaluated the rate of combined verbal and physical violence; four reported a decrease or no change and the other an increase. We conclude that the introduction of smoke\u2010free policies generally does not lead to an increase in violence. There is a need for more robust studies to support this finding. However, the conclusions from this review may be a step in reducing staff concerns.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/inm.12425","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,23]],"date-time":"2017-12-23T16:51:03Z","timestamp":1514047863000},"page":"33-45","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Violence in mental health settings: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Gilda","family":"Spaducci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Addictions Department Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &amp; Neuroscience King's College London London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brendon","family":"Stubbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Services and Population Department Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &amp; Neuroscience King's College London London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann","family":"McNeill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Addictions Department Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &amp; Neuroscience King's College London London UK"},{"name":"UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duncan","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Health and Addiction Research Group Department of Health Sciences University of York York UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debbie","family":"Robson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Addictions Department Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &amp; Neuroscience King's College London London UK"},{"name":"UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.3928\/0279-3695-19930401-07","article-title":"Hospital psychiatric units. 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