{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T06:54:58Z","timestamp":1774508098501,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]],"date-time":"2022-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Mental Health Nurs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>To date, little effort has been made to examine if frontline workers who deal with COVID\u201019 patients are more likely to experience discrimination than second\u2010line workers. Also, little information has appeared on how COVID\u201019\u2010related discrimination affects PTSD symptoms in healthcare workers. We aimed to examine the association between COVID\u201019\u2010related discrimination and frontline worker status. We further aimed to examine how COVID\u201019\u2010related discrimination was associated with PTSD symptoms and psychological distress. We studied 647 healthcare workers. For the association between COVID\u201019\u2010related discrimination and frontline worker status, we conducted multivariable logistic regression adjusting for age, sex and living alone. For the association of COVID\u201019\u2010related discrimination with PTSD symptoms and psychological distress, we performed multivariable regression using hierarchical adjustments for age, sex, living alone, alcohol consumption, exercise and frontline worker status. Bias\u2010corrected and accelerated bootstrap confidence intervals (CIs) were used. A total of 136 individuals worked on the frontline and the largest group were nurses (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200981, 59.6%). Frontline workers had increased odds of COVID\u201019\u2010related discrimination compared with second\u2010line workers (odds ratio\u2009=\u20092.60, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.37\u20134.96). COVID\u201019\u2010related discrimination was associated with PTSD symptoms and psychological distress even at the highest level of adjustment (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.67, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.10\u20131.23; <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20092.43, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.91\u20133.95, respectively). Frontline workers are more likely to experience COVID\u201019\u2010related discrimination than second\u2010line workers. Such discrimination may result in PTSD symptoms and psychological distress. Interventions to prevent COVID\u201019\u2010related discrimination against healthcare workers, for example anti\u2010discrimination campaigns, are important.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/inm.13069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,30]],"date-time":"2022-09-30T06:08:20Z","timestamp":1664518100000},"page":"139-146","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["<scp>COVID<\/scp>\u201019\u2010related discrimination, <scp>PTSD<\/scp> symptoms, and psychological distress in healthcare workers"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7022-2141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zui","family":"Narita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioral Medicine National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryo","family":"Okubo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research &amp; Education Promotion Division National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yohei","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research &amp; Education Promotion Division National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuyoshi","family":"Takeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research &amp; Education Promotion Division National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masaki","family":"Takao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry Hospital  Tokyo 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