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However, a post\u2010traumatic growth programme has the potential to transform these traumatic events into increasing post\u2010traumatic growth, reduced emotional stress and enhanced well\u2010being. This study investigated the effects of a post\u2010traumatic growth promotion programme on post\u2010traumatic stress disorder recovery among North Korean refugees. Using a non\u2010equivalent control group non\u2010synchronised pretest\u2013posttest design, 60 North Korean refugees who have been in South Korea for 6\u20138 or 12\u201313\u2009years were assigned to the experimental (post\u2010traumatic growth promotion programme; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200930) or control group (post\u2010traumatic growth promotion education brochure; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200930). The programme comprised group sessions and discussions, each lasting 120\u2009min\/session, conducted twice a week for 5\u2009weeks. Mindfulness, anxiety, depression, blood cortisol and post\u2010traumatic growth were assessed at baseline, immediately after intervention and 4\u2009weeks after intervention. The findings showed the programme was effective in significantly increasing post\u2010traumatic growth and decreasing anxiety, depression and cortisol level. The two\u2010way analysis of variance showed a significant interaction between groups and time. Consequently, this post\u2010traumatic growth promotion programme can be utilised as a non\u2010invasive, cost\u2010effective and safe intervention for promoting post\u2010traumatic growth and well\u2010being among North Korean refugees.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/inm.13298","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]],"date-time":"2024-01-31T05:19:18Z","timestamp":1706678358000},"page":"967-977","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Development and evaluation of a post\u2010traumatic growth promotion programme for North Korean refugees"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6679-7310","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ae\u2010Kyung","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing Science Kyung Hee University  Seoul South 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