{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T16:15:29Z","timestamp":1791994529148,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,2]],"date-time":"2016-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1454371200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002383","name":"King Saud University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GSS\u2010212\u2010668"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GSS\u2010212\u2010668"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002383","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Nursing Review"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Violence against nurses is a major challenge for healthcare administrators. It is gaining more attention because it has a negative impact on nurses, the quality of health care and health organization. Common types of violence include physical harassment, sexual abuse, aggression, mobbing and bullying. Patients, their relatives and co\u2010workers are considered the main perpetrators.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine the prevalence rate of workplace violence against nursing professionals in a university hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, most frequent type and perpetrators as well as the contributing factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This quantitative cross\u2010sectional study adapted a survey questionnaire from the Massachusetts Nurses Association Survey on Workplace Violence\/Abuse to collect data from a quota sample of 370 nursing personnel.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Almost half of the participants had experienced violence in the professional setting during the 12\u00a0months prior to the study. The majority of subjects perceived workplace violence as verbal abuse. Nearly all nursing professionals identified patients as the leading cause. Slightly more than half mentioned understaffing, misunderstandings, long waits for service and lack of staff training and policies for preventing crisis as contributing factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion and Implications for Nursing and Health Policy<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence rate is extremely high among nurses in the targeted Saudi university hospital. Saudi health as well as university hospitals\u2019 administration and policy makers should adopt and introduce a \u2018zero tolerance policy', set standards and develop practical measures for preventing the incidence and for controlling the prevalence of violence against nurses. Besides, healthcare organizations, particularly hospitals, can fulfil their obligations to provide both staff and patients with more secure environment. Further research on the topic is needed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/inr.12242","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,2]],"date-time":"2016-02-02T02:13:56Z","timestamp":1454379236000},"page":"226-232","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["Workplace violence against nursing staff in a Saudi university hospital"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Hanan A. Ezzat","family":"Alkorashy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Administration Department Faculty of Nursing Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt"},{"name":"Nursing Administration and Education Department College of Nursing King Saud University Riyadh KSA Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fawziah Bakheet","family":"Al Moalad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Abdul Aziz Hospital and Oncology Center Jeddah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"1049","article-title":"Workplace violence: a survey of diagnostic radiographers in Ismailia governorate hospitals, Egypt","volume":"7","author":"Abbas R.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of American Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.12473"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"76","article-title":"Violence exposure among health\u00a0care professionals in Saudi public hospitals: a preliminary investigation","volume":"33","author":"Algwaiz W.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Saudi Medical Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1478\u20104491\u201010\u201030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/inr.12170"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2013.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","volume-title":"Out of Control: Violence against Personal Support Workers in Long\u2010term Care","author":"Banerjee A.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","volume-title":"Violence at Work. Causes, Patterns and Prevention","author":"Bowie V.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472\u20106963\u201012\u2010245"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102702.2009.02952.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","unstructured":"Deeb M. (2003)Workplace Violence in the Health Sector LEBANON Country Case Study. Joint Programme on Workplace Violence in the Health Sector. Available at:http:\/\/who.int\/violence_injury_prevention\/violence\/en\/wpv_lebanon.pdf?ua=1(accessed 12 October 2014)."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0029883"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1466\u20107657.2010.00834.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472\u20106963\u201010\u201051"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2009.188144"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","first-page":"59","article-title":"Violence against nurses and its impact on stress and productivity","volume":"29","author":"Gates D.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nursing Economics"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102702.2010.03361.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1559\u20101816.2011.00746.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev\u2010clinpsy\u2010090209\u2010151437"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4102\/hsag.v18i1.663"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.1010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1466\u20107657.2009.00765.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","unstructured":"Massachusetts Nurses Association (MNA)(2008)Workplace VIOLENCE Prevention Materials Booklet. Available at:http:\/\/www.massnurses.org\/files\/file\/Health-and-Safety\/Workplace-Violence\/Workplace_Violence_booklet.pdf(accessed 05 February 2015)."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0021723"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1478\u20104491\u20109\u201019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102702.2010.03650.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5539\/gjhs.v6n6p234"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0963721410397271"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2013.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jen.2013.05.014"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","first-page":"365","article-title":"Attitude of primary health care nurses in Kuwait towards domestic violence against women","volume":"46","author":"Taher H.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bulletin of Alexandria Faculty of Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anr.2011.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5958\/0973\u20109343.2015.00009.5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO)(2002)Framework guidelines for addressing Workplace Violence in the Health Sector. Available at:http:\/\/www.who.int\/violence_injury_prevention\/injury\/work9\/en\/(accessed August 2012)."}],"container-title":["International Nursing Review"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Finr.12242","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/inr.12242","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,24]],"date-time":"2023-09-24T13:07:46Z","timestamp":1695560866000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/inr.12242"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,2]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/inr.12242"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/inr.12242","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-8132","1466-7657"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-8132","type":"print"},{"value":"1466-7657","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,2]]}}}