{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T20:18:07Z","timestamp":1786565887070,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754352000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754352000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Nursing Review"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of the study is to explore the experience and perspectives of healthcare personnel deployed from the hospitals and military into long\u2010term care (LTC) in Ontario during the pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Personnel from acute care hospitals, community care, the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF), and the Canadian Red Cross were deployed in support of LTC homes across Ontario.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This article reports on the study of personnel deployed into LTC during the COVID\u201019 pandemic. Understanding the experiences and lessons learned will be useful to improve planning and responses to future pandemics and disasters.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A descriptive, exploratory research study design with a demographic questionnaire and semi\u2010structured interviews was used. Data analysis used a combination of open and process coding to identify thematic categories. The COREQ checklist was used for reporting on the study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Interviews were conducted with 30 participants who described common challenges of navigating the unknown, defining one's role, and establishing order. Lessons included the importance of adaptability, flexibility, and pragmatism and emphasized the role of leadership.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings highlight challenges that personnel from civilian and military backgrounds experience when responding to disaster, and underscore the importance of communication, effective leadership, and cohesive teams. These findings are consistent with existing literature, contribute to the understanding of how personnel in disasters address challenges, and inform how to better prepare and train personnel for future disasters.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Implications for Nursing and Health Policy<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings can be used to inform disaster theory and practice, including disaster competencies such as the International Council of Nurses Disaster Nursing Competencies, and provide a framework to improve disaster planning and responder training.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/inr.70083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]],"date-time":"2025-08-06T05:19:39Z","timestamp":1754457579000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Deployed in Disaster: Perspectives of Personnel Deployed in Ontario Long\u2010Term Care During the Pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"72","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0216-3308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Oldenburger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health, McMaster University  Hamilton Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3894-028X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Baumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, McMaster University  Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1578-881X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mary","family":"Crea\u2010Arsenio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health, McMaster University  Hamilton Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0598-3926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raisa","family":"Deber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Policy, Monitoring, and Evaluation, University of Toronto  Toronto Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3173-1220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vishwanath","family":"Baba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DeGroote School of Business, McMaster University  Hamilton Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"Amnesty International.2020. \u201cAs If Expendable The UK Government's Failure to Protect Older People in Care Homes During the COVID\u201019 Pandemic.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/es\/documents\/eur45\/3152\/2020\/en\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","volume-title":"Thematic Analysis: A Practical Guide","author":"Braun V.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","unstructured":"Canadian Armed Forces [CAF].2020. \u201cOp Laser: JTFC Observation in LTC Facilities in Ontario.\u201dhttps:\/\/ia803206.us.archive.org\/32\/items\/op_laser_jtfc\/op_laser_jtfc.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","volume-title":"Pandemic Experience in the Long\u2010Term Care Sector How Does Canada Compare With Other Countries?","author":"Canadian Institute for Health Information [CIHI]","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","unstructured":"CIHI.2021. \u201cThe Impact of COVID\u201019 on LTC in Canada: Focus on the First 6 Months.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.cihi.ca\/en\/long\u2010term\u2010care\u2010and\u2010covid\u201019\u2010the\u2010first\u20106\u2010months."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","volume-title":"Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches","author":"Creswell J. W.","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1049023X00008438"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gerinurse.2021.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjmilitary\u20102020\u2010001721"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0260210521000048"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","unstructured":"Government of Canada.2021a. \u201cRequests for Federal Assistance.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.publicsafety.gc.ca\/cnt\/trnsprnc\/brfng\u2010mtrls\/prlmntry\u2010bndrs\/20210722\/044\/index\u2010en.aspx."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","unstructured":"Government of Canada.2021b. \u201cSupport for Long\u2010Term Care Homes in Ontario Extended to Manage COVID\u201019 Outbreaks.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/public\u2010safety\u2010canada\/news\/2021\/10\/support\u2010for\u2010long\u2010term\u2010care\u2010homes\u2010in\u2010ontario\u2010extended\u2010to\u2010manage\u2010covid\u201019\u2010outbreaks.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","volume-title":"Qualitative Methods for Health Research","author":"Green J.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732316665344"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472\u20106920\u20106\u201019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12912\u2010022\u201000823\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","volume-title":"Core Competencies in Disaster Nursing, Version 2.0","author":"International Council of Nurses [ICN]","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.21768"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-10-4789-3_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.5725"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","unstructured":"Marrocco F. 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A.Coke andJ.Kitts2020. \u201cOntario's LTC COVID\u201019 Commission Final Report.\u201dhttp:\/\/ltccommission\u2010commissionsld.ca\/report\/pdf\/20210623_LTCC_AODA_EN.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/sdme.67670"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/44299"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12927\/hcpol.2022.26854"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1049023X23006611"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph181910099"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjmilitary\u20102020\u2010001569"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","unstructured":"Province of Ontario.1991. \u201cRegulated Health Professions Act 1991 S.O. 1991 c. 18.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.ontario.ca\/laws\/statute\/91r18."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","unstructured":"Province of Ontario.2020a.Ontario Taking Action at High\u2010Risk Long\u2010Term Care Homes.https:\/\/news.ontario.ca\/en\/release\/57033\/ontario\u2010taking\u2010action\u2010at\u2010high\u2010risk\u2010long\u2010term\u2010care\u2010homes."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","unstructured":"Province of Ontario.2020b.O. 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