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We aimed to compare and rank the effectiveness of various treatments in a network meta\u2010analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Literature was searched from inception to 13 May 2018 for paediatric OSA with adenotonsillar hypertrophy. The outcomes were the changes in apnoea\u2010hypopnea index (AHI), oxyhaemoglobin desaturation index (ODI), and lowest arterial oxygen saturation (SaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>). Frequentist approach to network meta\u2010analysis was used. Treatment hierarchy was summarized according to the surfaces under the cumulative ranking curves.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fourteen trials comprising 1064 paediatric OSA participants evaluating ten interventions (adenotonsillectomy, adenotonsillectomy\u00a0+\u00a0pharyngoplasty, adenotonsillotomy, antimicrobial therapy, steroids, leukotriene receptor antagonists [LTRAs], steroids\u00a0+\u00a0LTRAs, rapid maxillary expansion [RME], placebo, and no treatment) were identified for network meta\u2010analysis. In terms of effectiveness in AHI reduction, surgical approach was still the most effective intervention than no treatment. RME was one of the most effective interventions to improve lowest SaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>. No comparisons showed statistical significance in reducing ODI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Irrespective of the intervention used, complete resolution of OSA was not achieved in most trials.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ipd.12593","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,4]],"date-time":"2019-11-04T09:08:27Z","timestamp":1572858507000},"page":"156-170","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Management of paediatric obstructive sleep apnoea: A systematic review and network meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7694-3860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shih\u2010Ying","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry MacKay Memorial Hospital Taipei 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