{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T23:27:52Z","timestamp":1784417272770,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]],"date-time":"2023-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687996800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004073","name":"Killam Trusts","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004073","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010090","name":"Women and Children's Health Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010090","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Paed Dentistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is an imaging modality, which is used routinely in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning but delivers much higher radiation than conventional dental radiographs. Ultrasound is a noninvasive imaging method that creates an image without ionizing radiation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the reliability of ultrasound and the agreement between ultrasound and CBCT in measuring the alveolar bone level (ABL) on the buccal\/labial side of the incisors in adolescent orthodontic patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred and eighteen incisors from 30 orthodontic adolescent patients were scanned by CBCT with 0.3\u2010mm voxel size and ultrasound at 20\u2009MHz frequency. The ABL, distance from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) to the alveolar bone crest (ABC), was measured twice to evaluate the agreement between ultrasound and CBCT. In addition, the intra\u2010 and inter\u2010rater reliabilities in measuring the ABL by four raters were compared.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mean difference (MD) in the ABL between ultrasound and CBCT was \u22120.07\u2009mm with 95% limit of agreement (LoA) from \u22120.47 to 0.32\u2009mm for all teeth. For each jaw, the MDs between the ultrasound and CBCT were \u22120.18\u2009mm (for mandible with 95% LoA from \u22120.53 to 0.18\u2009mm) and 0.03\u2009mm (for maxilla with 95% LoA from \u22120.28 to 0.35\u2009mm). In comparison, ultrasound had higher intra\u2010rater (ICC\u2009=\u20090.83\u20130.90) and inter\u2010rater reliabilities (ICC\u2009=\u20090.97) in ABL measurement than CBCT (ICC\u2009=\u20090.56\u20130.78 for intra\u2010rater and ICC\u2009=\u20090.69 for inter\u2010rater reliabilities).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>CBCT parameters used in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning in adolescents may not be a reliable tool to assess the ABL for the mandibular incisors. On the contrary, ultrasound imaging, an ionizing radiation\u2010free, inexpensive, and portable diagnostic tool, has potential to be a reliable diagnostic tool in assessing the ABL in adolescent patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ipd.13092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]],"date-time":"2023-06-30T04:18:50Z","timestamp":1688098730000},"page":"487-497","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Measuring the alveolar bone level in adolescents: A comparison between ultrasound and cone beam computed tomography"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Kim\u2010Cuong T.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1907-1258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lawrence H.","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"},{"name":"School of Dentistry University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neelambar R.","family":"Kaipatur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabiana T.","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hollis","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edmond H. M.","family":"Lou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul W.","family":"Major","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta 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