{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T06:39:46Z","timestamp":1763534386128,"version":"3.32.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,27]],"date-time":"2024-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Paed Dentistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs), a group of inborn errors of metabolism, include various subtypes, for example, mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) and Gaucher disease (GD). Besides the physical\/mental disabilities, they suffer from several oral deteriorations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the oral health status of Egyptian children with LSD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty LSD children and thirty non\u2010LSD children were enrolled for this study according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Dental indices were used to assess caries prevalence and periodontal status. Saliva samples were collected from all enrolled children to estimate interleukin 6 (IL\u20106), tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 (TNF\u2010\u03b1), and protein levels as well as Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli colony counts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children with MPS and GD showed non\u2010significant differences in decayed, missing, or filled teeth (DMFT) scores (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.115). Scores of dmft showed a significant increase in MPS, but not in GD children (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.020, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.127). Children with LSD showed significantly increased Modified Gingival Index (MGI), Plaque Index (PI), Oral Hygiene Index (OHI\u2010s) scores (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) and salivary IL\u20106 and TNF\u2010\u03b1 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.007, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.001, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.002, respectively) and salivary total proteins (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.001) levels. Unexpectedly, non\u2010significant differences were observed in salivary Streptococcus mutans or Lactobacilli counts in children with MPS and GD (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.058, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.420, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.502, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.053, respectively).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>To our knowledge, this is the first article that evaluates Egyptian children with LSD. We demonstrated high caries prevalence in primary teeth, not permanent teeth, in children with MPS and poor gingival\/hygiene status in children with MPS and GD, which triggered a state of inflammation. The daily supplement intake prevented oral bacterial growth. The most probable cause of oral alterations is decreased salivary flow rate, as deduced from a significantly increased salivary protein.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ipd.13216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]],"date-time":"2024-05-28T04:29:28Z","timestamp":1716870568000},"page":"155-164","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Oral health status of Egyptian children with lysosomal storage diseases: An evaluation of dental indices, salivary cytokines level, and bacterial bioburden"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Moustafa A.","family":"Matar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry Pharos University in Alexandria  Alexandria Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rana A.","family":"Selima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry Pharos University in Alexandria  Alexandria Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iman M.","family":"Marzouk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Alexandria University  Alexandria Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Walid A.","family":"Lotfy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry Pharos University in Alexandria  Alexandria Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9179-697X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamer A.","family":"Al\u2010Shafie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry Pharos University in Alexandria  Alexandria Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sherif S.","family":"Darwish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry Pharos University in Alexandria  Alexandria 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