{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T21:36:18Z","timestamp":1792013778064,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762905600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762905600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000072","name":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K01DE028591"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01DE028591"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000072","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Paed Dentistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical approaches for pediatric patients requiring endodontic treatment have been associated with specialty type.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of this study was to elucidate the nuanced clinical decision\u2010making process for endodontic treatment of pediatric patients' permanent teeth.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A qualitative design was used to explore the experiences and decision\u2010making of general dentists, pediatric dentists, and endodontists. Clinicians practicing in the United States were recruited to interview using purposive sampling methods. A framework, thematic analytic approach was used to evaluate the data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In total, 26 dentists participated in the study: 7 general dentists, 11 pediatric dentists, 6 endodontists, and 2 dual\u2010trained specialists. Overall, clinicians reported that caries on permanent first molars were the most common reason that pediatric patients required endodontic treatment. Access to care was influenced by practitioner clinical training and knowledge; patient behavior; and financial considerations. Treatment planning was influenced by parents, referrals, and clinical philosophy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings explain how clinician decision\u2010making and system\u2010level factors influence access to care for pediatric patients in need of endodontic treatment and propagate oral health disparities. Barriers to accessing care were most limiting for children and adolescents from low\u2010income households and were likely to result in premature tooth loss.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ipd.70054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T04:18:59Z","timestamp":1763007539000},"page":"311-322","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Access to Care for the Endodontic Treatment of Pediatric Patients: A Qualitative Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Melissa","family":"Mathews","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry New York University College of Dentistry  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julian","family":"Boykins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York University College of Dentistry  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoinette M.","family":"Schoenthaler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health New York University Langone Health  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather T.","family":"Gold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health New York University Langone Health  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7420-5418","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorel E.","family":"Burns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics New York University College of Dentistry  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.21258"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpp.2024.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","volume-title":"Child Development and Personality","author":"Mussen P. 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R.","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ipd.13310"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","unstructured":"American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry \u201cPulp Therapy for Primary and Immature Permanent Teeth \u201d2023 https:\/\/www.aapd.org\/media\/Policies_Guidelines\/BP_PulpTherapy.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","unstructured":"American Association of Endodontists \u201cAAE Clinical Considerations for a Regenerative Procedure \u201d2021 https:\/\/www.aae.org\/specialty\/wp\u2010content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/08\/ClinicalConsiderationsApprovedByREC062921.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","unstructured":"American Association of Endodontists \u201cAAE Position Statement on Vital Pulp Therapy \u201d2021 https:\/\/www.aae.org\/wp\u2010content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/VitalPulpTherapyPositionStatement_v2.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2017.01.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2016.0800"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jphd.12191"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adaj.2021.07.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adaj.2022.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","unstructured":"American Dental Association Health Policy Institute \u201cDentist Participation in Medicaid or CHIP \u201d2020 https:\/\/www.ada.org\/\u2010\/media\/project\/ada\u2010organization\/ada\/ada\u2010org\/files\/resources\/research\/hpi\/hpigraphic_0820_1.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cdoe.12239"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12467"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41415-019-0738-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41415\u2010021\u20103471\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12960"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/160940690600500103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","first-page":"31","volume-title":"Doing Qualitative Research","author":"Kuzel A. 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