{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T20:05:46Z","timestamp":1792699546706,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,4]],"date-time":"2015-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1438646400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Influenza Resp Viruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The emergence of avian influenza A(H7N9) virus in poultry causing zoonotic human infections was reported on March 31, 2013. Development of A(H7N9) candidate vaccine viruses (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) for pandemic preparedness purposes was initiated without delay. Candidate vaccine viruses were derived by reverse genetics using the internal genes of A\/Puerto\/Rico\/8\/34 (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      8). The resulting A(H7N9)\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s needed improvement because they had titers and antigen yields that were suboptimal for vaccine manufacturing in eggs, especially in a pandemic situation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Two\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s derived by reverse genetics were serially passaged in embryonated eggs to improve the hemagglutinin (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) antigen yield. The total viral protein and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      antigen yields of six egg\u2010passaged\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s were determined by the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BCA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      assay and isotope dilution mass spectrometry (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IDMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) analysis, respectively.\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s were antigenically characterized by hemagglutination inhibition (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) assays with ferret antisera.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Improvement of total viral protein yield was observed for the six egg\u2010passaged\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s;\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      quantification by\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IDMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      indicated approximately a twofold increase in yield of several egg\u2010passaged viruses as compared to that of the parental\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      . Several different amino acid substitutions were identified in the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      of all viruses after serial passage. However,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      tests indicated that the antigenic properties of two\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s remained unchanged.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      If influenza A(H7N9) viruses were to acquire sustained human\u2010to\u2010human transmissibility, the improved\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      yield of the egg\u2010passaged\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s generated in this study could expedite vaccine manufacturing for pandemic mitigation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12322","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,12]],"date-time":"2015-05-12T00:51:05Z","timestamp":1431391865000},"page":"263-270","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Development of influenza\n                    <scp>A<\/scp>\n                    (\n                    <scp>H<\/scp>\n                    7\n                    <scp>N<\/scp>\n                    9) candidate vaccine viruses with improved hemagglutinin antigen yield in eggs"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Callie","family":"Ridenour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Influenza Division National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Influenza Division National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Winne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Laboratory Sciences National Center for Environmental Health Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA USA"},{"name":"Battelle Memorial Institute Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaber","family":"Hossain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Influenza Division National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guaniri","family":"Mateu\u2010Petit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Influenza Division National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Balish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Influenza Division National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanda","family":"Santana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Laboratory Sciences National Center for Environmental Health Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taejoong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Influenza Division National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Influenza Division National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy J.","family":"Cox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Influenza Division National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John R.","family":"Barr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Laboratory Sciences National Center for Environmental Health Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruben O.","family":"Donis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Influenza Division National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Villanueva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Influenza Division National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tracie L.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Laboratory Sciences National Center for Environmental Health Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li\u2010Mei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Influenza Division National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60938-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/124.5.449"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.09.050"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.05.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.04.073"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2010.12.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","unstructured":"WHO.WHO guidance on development of influenza vaccine reference viruses by reverse genetics.2005; Available at:www.who.int\/csr\/resources\/publications\/influenza\/WHO_CDS_CSR_GIP_2005_6.pdf. (Accessed 22 February 2015)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(02)00268-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-2659.2009.00104.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","volume-title":"Guidance for Industry on Characterization and Qualification of Cell Substrates and Other Biological Materials Used in the Production of Viral Vaccines for Infectious Disease Indications","author":"CBER\/FDA","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.03.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac4040778"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-61779-621-0_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-61779-621-0_9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0020823"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","first-page":"83","article-title":"Generation and characterization of candidate vaccine viruses for prepandemic influenza vaccines","volume":"333","author":"O'Neill E","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Top Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1994.1100"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.06959-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4298","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.63.10.4298-4302.1989","article-title":"Single\u2010amino\u2010acid substitution in an antigenic site of influenza virus hemagglutinin can alter the specificity of binding to cell membrane\u2010associated gangliosides","volume":"63","author":"Suzuki Y","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","unstructured":"EMA.Guideline on Influenza Vaccines \u2013 Quality Module. Committee for Human Medicinal Products (CHMP)[serial on the Internet].2013: Available from:http:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/docs\/en_GB\/document_library\/Scientific_guideline\/2013\/03\/WC500139747.pdf. (Accessed 22 February 2015)"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","unstructured":"WHO.Antigenic and genetic characteristics of zoonotic influenza viruses and development of candidate vaccine viruses for pandemic preparedness.2013; Available athttp:\/\/www.who.int\/influenza\/vaccines\/virus\/201302_h5h7h9_vaccinevirusupdate.pdf. (Accessed 22 February 2015)"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.01.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1261"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01311008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2009.08.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1998.9274"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003354"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1243761"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01854-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1178258"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00100-14"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0065955"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.13.6015-6020.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01414-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.14.6316-6323.2000"}],"container-title":["Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Firv.12322","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/irv.12322","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/irv.12322","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/irv.12322","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T19:14:48Z","timestamp":1696187688000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/irv.12322"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,4]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/irv.12322"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/irv.12322","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1750-2640","1750-2659"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1750-2640","type":"print"},{"value":"1750-2659","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,4]]}}}