{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T09:55:35Z","timestamp":1789984535294,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,12]],"date-time":"2017-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1505174400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Influenza Resp Viruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Self\u2010collection of nasal swabs could improve the timeliness of influenza virus detection in older adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Measure the acceptability, adequacy, timeliness, and validity of self\u2010collected nasal swabs among adults\n                      <jats:styled-content>&gt;<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      65\u00a0years in Thailand.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our evaluation consisted of two parts: a one\u2010month study among randomly selected, community\u2010dwelling older adults to simulate community\u2010based surveillance for acute respiratory infections (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ARI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ); and a clinic study of older adults with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ARI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of self\u2010collected nasal swabs for influenza virus infection compared with healthcare worker (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCW<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      )\u2010collected nasal and nasopharyngeal swabs.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In the community study, 24% of participants experienced an\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ARI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      during the observation period. All (100%) participants with an\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ARI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      self\u2010collected nasal swabs within 72\u00a0hours of symptom onset of which 92% were considered adequate samples. In the clinic study, 45% of patients with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ARI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      presented within 72\u00a0hours of symptom onset. The sensitivity of self\u2010collected nasal swabs for detection of influenza virus infection was 78% (95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      40\u201097) compared to nasopharyngeal and 88% (95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      47\u2010100) compared to nasal swabs collected by\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCW<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s. Specificity was 100% (95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      97\u2010100) compared to both methods. Self\u2010collection of nasal swabs was found acceptable by 99% of participants in both studies.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Self\u2010collection of nasal swabs was acceptable to older adults in Thailand who were able to take adequate samples. Self\u2010collection of nasal swabs may improve the timeliness of sample collection but lower sensitivity will need to be considered.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12471","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,25]],"date-time":"2017-07-25T07:36:44Z","timestamp":1500968204000},"page":"412-417","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["The acceptability and validity of self\u2010collected nasal swabs for detection of influenza virus infection among older adults in Thailand"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Sonal","family":"Goyal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ASPPH\/CDC Allan Rosenfield Global Health Fellow  Atlanta GA USA"},{"name":"Influenza Program Thailand Ministry of Public Health\u2010U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Collaboration  Nonthaburi Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kriengkrai","family":"Prasert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nakhon Phanom Provincial Health Office  Nakhon Phanom Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prabda","family":"Praphasiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Influenza Program Thailand Ministry of Public Health\u2010U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Collaboration  Nonthaburi Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malinee","family":"Chittaganpitch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Health Ministry of Public Health  Nonthaburi Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunthareeya","family":"Waicharoen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Health Ministry of Public Health  Nonthaburi Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darunee","family":"Ditsungnoen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Influenza Program Thailand Ministry of Public Health\u2010U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Collaboration  Nonthaburi Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siriluk","family":"Jaichuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nakhon Phanom Provincial Health Office  Nakhon Phanom Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5593-0470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kim A.","family":"Lindblade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Influenza Program Thailand Ministry of Public Health\u2010U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Collaboration  Nonthaburi Thailand"},{"name":"Influenza Division U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.2.179"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/657314"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0007776"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Preventing the Flu: Good Health Habits Can Help Stop Germs: Influenza (flu) 2015 August 20 2016.http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/flu\/protect\/habits.htm."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(14)70034-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/600383"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES2015.20.11.21063"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2011.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir803"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2014.10.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","first-page":"256","article-title":"The efficacy and effectiveness of influenza vaccination among Thai elderly persons living in the community","volume":"88","author":"Praditsuwan R","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thai"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12233"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","unstructured":"CDC protocol of realtime RTPCR for Influenza A(H1N1) C.f.D.C.a. 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