{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T10:23:14Z","timestamp":1789899794658,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,15]],"date-time":"2018-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1515974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007013","name":"F. Hoffmann-La Roche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007013","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Influenza Resp Viruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Influenza Resistance Information Study (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IRIS<\/jats:styled-content>) was initiated in 2008 to study the emergence of neuraminidase inhibitor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NAI<\/jats:styled-content>) resistance and the clinical course of influenza in immunocompetent treated and untreated patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients had throat\/nose swabs collected on days 1, 3, 6 and 10 for analyses of influenza type, subtype and virus susceptibility to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NAI<\/jats:styled-content>s. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010positive samples were cultured and tested for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NAI<\/jats:styled-content> resistance by specific <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content> and phenotypic testing. Scores for influenza symptoms were recorded on diary cards (Days 1\u201010). This study focuses on influenza A\u2010infected cases only.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 3230 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010positive patients, 2316 had influenza A of whom 1216 received oseltamivir monotherapy within 2\u00a0days of symptom onset (9 seasonal H1N1; 662 H3N2; 545 H1N1pdm2009). Except for 9 patients with naturally resistant seasonal H1N1 (2008\/9), no resistance was detected in Day 1 samples. Emergence of resistance (post\u2010Day\u00a01) was detected in 43\/1207 (3.56%) oseltamivir\u2010treated influenza A\u2010infected patients, with a higher frequency in 1\u2010 to 5\u2010year\u2010olds (11.8%) vs &gt;5\u2010year\u2010olds (1.4%). All N1\u2010 and N2\u2010resistant viruses had H275Y (n\u00a0=\u00a027) or R292K (n\u00a0=\u00a016) substitutions, respectively. For 43 patients, virus clearance was significantly delayed vs treated patients with susceptible viruses (8.1 vs 10.9\u00a0days; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.0001), and 11 (23.2%) remained <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content> positive for influenza at Day 10. However, their symptoms resolved by Day 6 or earlier.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Oseltamivir resistance was only detected during antiviral treatment, with the highest incidence occurring among 1\u2010 to 5\u2010year\u2010olds. Resistance delayed viral clearance, but had no impact on symptom resolution.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12534","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,19]],"date-time":"2017-12-19T15:54:46Z","timestamp":1513698886000},"page":"267-278","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":87,"title":["Five years of monitoring for the emergence of oseltamivir resistance in patients with influenza A infections in the Influenza Resistance Information Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8959-2123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno","family":"Lina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lab Virology HCL &amp; CIRI INSERM U1111 Universit\u00e9 de Lyon  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Boucher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Erasmus MC  Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"Osterhaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Erasmus MC  Rotterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Research Institute for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses Veterinary University Hannover  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnold S.","family":"Monto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan School of Public Health  Ann Arbor MI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Schutten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Erasmus MC  Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard J.","family":"Whitley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham  Birmingham AL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan S.","family":"Nguyen\u2010Van\u2010Tam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Protection and Influenza Research Group University of Nottingham School of Medicine  Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/507552"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja963036t"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67338-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01339-05"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/135965350701200S04.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/596311"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16934-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1502.081031"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","first-page":"369","article-title":"Update: influenza activity\u2014 United States, September 28, 2008\u2013April 4, 2009, and composition of the 2009\u201310 influenza vaccine","volume":"58","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2009","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1504.181280","article-title":"Oseltamivir\u2010resistant influenza virus A (H1N1), Europe, 2007\u201308 season","volume":"15","author":"Meijer A","year":"2009","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000103"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","first-page":"37","article-title":"Update on oseltamivir\u2010resistant pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza virus: January 2010","volume":"85","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2010","journal-title":"Wkly Epidemiol Rec"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis1220"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2014.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmoldx.2012.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3851\/IMP1194"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2016.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00555-08"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S105473"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16934-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.10.4075-4084.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01608-09"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.2.742-750.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/ese.17.27.20210-en"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1187816"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0139958"}],"container-title":["Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Firv.12534","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/irv.12534","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T20:18:39Z","timestamp":1695500319000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/irv.12534"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,15]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/irv.12534"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/irv.12534","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1750-2640","1750-2659"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1750-2640","type":"print"},{"value":"1750-2659","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,15]]}}}