{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T21:13:53Z","timestamp":1781126033006,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,10]],"date-time":"2020-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578614400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"CDC Cooperative agreement to Training Programs in Epidemiology and Public Health Interventions Network","award":["#NU2GGH001873"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#NU2GGH001873"]}]},{"name":"CDC Cooperative agreement to Metabiota, Inc.","award":["#NU2G GH001800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#NU2G GH001800"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Influenza Resp Viruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The International Health Regulations state that early detection and immediate reporting of unusual health events is important for early warning and response systems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe a pilot surveillance program established in health facilities in Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon in 2017 which aimed to enable detection and reporting of public health events.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cameroon\u2019s Ministry of Health, in partnership with the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cameroon Pasteur Center, and National Public Health Laboratory, implemented event\u2010based surveillance (EBS) in nine Yaound\u00e9 health facilities. Four signals were defined that could indicate possible public health events, and a reporting, triage, and verification system was established among partner organizations. A pre\u2010defined laboratory algorithm was defined, and a series of workshops trained health facilities, laboratory, and public health staff for surveillance implementation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>From May 2017 to January 2018, 30 signals were detected, corresponding to 15 unusual respiratory events. All health facilities reported a signal at least once, and more than three\u2010quarters of health facilities reported \u22652 times. Among specimens tested, the pathogens detected included <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Moraxella catarrhalis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Haemophilus influenza<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Pneumocystis jiroveci<\/jats:italic>, influenza A (H1N1) virus, rhinovirus, and adenovirus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The events detected in this pilot were caused by routine respiratory bacteria and viruses, and no novel influenza viruses or other emerging respiratory threats were identified. The surveillance system, however, strengthened relationships and communication linkages between health facilities and public health authorities. Astute clinicians can play a critical role in early detection and EBS is one approach that may enable reporting of emerging outbreaks and public health events.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12684","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,10]],"date-time":"2020-01-10T22:56:10Z","timestamp":1578696970000},"page":"122-128","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Strengthening timely detection and reporting of unusual respiratory events from health facilities in Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Karen A.","family":"Alroy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Viral Diseases National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luc Christian","family":"Gwom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division for the Fight against Disease, Epidemics and Pandemics Ministry of Health Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chanceline Bilounga","family":"Ndongo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division for the Fight against Disease, Epidemics and Pandemics Ministry of Health Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastien","family":"Kenmoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Pasteur du Cameroun Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gwladys","family":"Monamele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Pasteur du Cameroun Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3779-3449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexey","family":"Clara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Viral Diseases National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brett","family":"Whitaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Viral Diseases National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henri","family":"Manga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Public Health Laboratory Ministry of Health Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolle Yanique","family":"Tayimetha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Public Health Laboratory Ministry of Health Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorine","family":"Tseuko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Public Health Laboratory Ministry of Health Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bienvenu","family":"Etogo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Public Health Laboratory Ministry of Health Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omer","family":"Pasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Global Health Protection Center for Global Health Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alain Georges","family":"Etoundi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division for the Fight against Disease, Epidemics and Pandemics Ministry of Health Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elise","family":"Seukap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division for the Fight against Disease, Epidemics and Pandemics Ministry of Health Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3112-6370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard","family":"Njouom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Pasteur du Cameroun Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arunmozhi","family":"Balajee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Viral Diseases National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"World Organization for Animal Health (OIE).OIE highly pathogenic avian influenza Cameroon. 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