{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T01:19:39Z","timestamp":1747185579177,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,11]],"date-time":"2020-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597104000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Pandemic Influenza Vaccine Evaluation Consortium\u2019"},{"name":"Department of Health Policy Research Programme Central Commissioning Facility","award":["019\/0030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["019\/0030"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Influenza Resp Viruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The 2009 pandemic H1N1 (A(H1N1)pdm09) influenza A virus (IAV) has replaced the previous seasonal H1N1 strain in humans and continues to circulate worldwide. The comparative performance of inactivated A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza vaccines remains of considerable interest. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of two licensed A(H1N1)pdm09 inactivated vaccines (AS03B adjuvanted split virion <jats:italic>Pandemrix<\/jats:italic> from GlaxoSmithKline and referred here as (V1) and non\u2010adjuvanted whole virion <jats:italic>Celvapan<\/jats:italic> from Baxter and referred here as (V2)) in ferrets as a pre\u2010clinical model for human disease intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Na\u00efve ferrets were divided into two groups (V1 and V2) and immunised intramuscularly with two different A\/California\/07\/2009\u2010derived inactivated vaccines, V1 administered in a single dose and V2 administered in 2 doses separated by 21\u00a0days. Six weeks after the first immunisation, vaccinated animals and a non\u2010vaccinated control (NVC) group were intra\u2010nasally challenged with 10<jats:sup>6.5<\/jats:sup> TCID<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> of the isolate A\/England\/195\/2009 A(H1N1)pdm09 with 99.1% amino acid identity to the vaccine strain. Clinical signs, lung histopathology, viral quantification and antibody responses were evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results and Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Results revealed important qualitative differences in the performance of both inactivated vaccines in relation to protection against challenge with a comparable virus in a naive animal (ferret) model of human disease. Vaccine V1 limited and controlled viral shedding and reduced lower respiratory tract infection. In contrast, vaccine V2 did not control infection and animals showed sustained viral shedding and delayed lower respiratory infection, resulting in pulmonary lesions, suggesting lower efficacy of V2 vaccine.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12784","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,12]],"date-time":"2020-08-12T02:11:39Z","timestamp":1597198299000},"page":"142-153","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Inactivated pandemic 2009 H1N1 influenza A virus human vaccines have different efficacy after homologous challenge in the ferret model"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1724-1006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatriz","family":"Vida\u00f1a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bristol Veterinary School Faculty of Health Science University of Bristol Bristol UK"},{"name":"Pathology Department Animal and Plant Health Agency APHA\u2010Weybridge Addlestone UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sharon M.","family":"Brookes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology Department Animal and Plant Health Agency APHA\u2010Weybridge Addlestone UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helen E.","family":"Everett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology Department Animal and Plant Health Agency APHA\u2010Weybridge Addlestone UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fanny","family":"Garcon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology Department Animal and Plant Health Agency APHA\u2010Weybridge Addlestone UK"},{"name":"Laboratoires Th\u00e9a Clermont\u2010Ferrand France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Nu\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Department Animal and Plant Health Agency 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UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Zambon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health England \u2013 Colindale London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,11]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Influenza (Seasonal)","author":"WHO","key":"e_1_2_8_2_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2017.02.059"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2019.06.004"},{"volume-title":"Recommended Composition of Influenza Virus Vaccines for Use in the 2019\u20132020 Northern Hemisphere Influenza 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