{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T07:54:32Z","timestamp":1774079672559,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,4]],"date-time":"2021-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Influenza Resp Viruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human rhinovirus (HRV) commonly cause influenza\u2010like illness in young children. The global coronavirus pandemic beginning in 2020 altered the seasonality and prevalence of these respiratory infections in Thailand. We aimed to characterize the upsurge of HRV and the subsequent RSV infection observed among young children who sought medical care at a hospital in Bangkok.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From July to December 2020, nasopharyngeal swabs from children \u22645\u00a0years of age presented with influenza\u2010like illness were tested for RSV and HRV using reverse\u2010transcription polymerase chain reaction. Positive samples were Sanger sequenced. Genotyping was performed using sequence and phylogenetic analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Upsurge of HRV infection began in July and was subsequently replaced by a surge of RSV infection from September onward. In 6\u2009months, HRV was detected in 27.5% (158\/574) of the samples, of which 44% (69\/158) were HRV\u2010A, 7% (11\/158) were HRV\u2010B, and 36% (57\/158) were HRV\u2010C. Meanwhile, RSV was detected in 40.4% (232\/574) of the samples, of which 78% (181\/232) were RSV\u2010A and 6% (14\/232) were RSV\u2010B. RSV peaked in October 2020, approximately 2\u2009months later than typically seen in previous years. All RSV\u2010A were of subgenotype ON1. Codetection of HRV and RSV was found in 5.1% (29\/574).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HRV and RSV infection among young children coincided with relaxed local coronavirus public health measures, including the return to in\u2010class schooling. The delayed RSV season in 2020 was predominantly associated with RSV\u2010A.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12893","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,5]],"date-time":"2021-08-05T02:14:11Z","timestamp":1628129651000},"page":"711-720","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Upsurge of human rhinovirus infection followed by a delayed seasonal respiratory syncytial virus infection in Thai children during the coronavirus pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Ilada","family":"Thongpan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Preeyaporn","family":"Vichaiwattana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence in 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