{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:10:36Z","timestamp":1789085436792,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]],"date-time":"2021-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634083200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Influenza Resp Viruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The COVID\u201019 pandemic has been associated with excess mortality and reduced emergency department attendance. However, the effect of varying wave periods of COVID\u201019 on in\u2010hospital mortality and length of stay (LOS) for non\u2010COVID disease for non\u2010COVID diseases remains unexplored.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We examined a territory\u2010wide observational cohort of 563,680 emergency admissions between January 1 and November 30, 2020, and 709,583 emergency admissions during the same 2019 period in Hong Kong, China. Differences in 28\u2010day in\u2010hospital mortality risk and LOS due to COVID\u201019 were evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The cumulative incidence of 28\u2010day in\u2010hospital mortality increased overall from 2.9% in 2019 to 3.6% in 2020 (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]\u2009=\u20091.22, 95% CI 1.20 to 1.25). The aHR was higher among patients with lower respiratory tract infection (aHR: 1.30 95% CI 1.26 to 1.34), airway disease (aHR: 1.35 95% CI 1.22 to 1.49), and mental disorders (aHR: 1.26 95% CI 1.15 to 1.37). Mortality risk in the first\u2010 and third\u2010wave periods was significantly greater than that in the inter\u2010wave period (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010interaction\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The overall average LOS in the pandemic year was significantly shorter than that in 2019 (Mean difference\u2009=\u2009\u22120.40\u2009days; 95% CI \u22120.43 to \u22120.36). Patients with mental disorders and cerebrovascular disease in 2020 had a 3.91\u2010day and 2.78\u2010day shorter LOS than those in 2019, respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Increased risk of in\u2010hospital deaths was observed overall and by all major subgroups of disease during the pandemic period. Together with significantly reduced LOS for patients with mental disorders and cerebrovascular disease, this study shows the spillover effect of the COVID\u201019 pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12919","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,16]],"date-time":"2021-10-16T18:07:55Z","timestamp":1634407675000},"page":"193-203","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Impact of varying wave periods of COVID\u201019 on in\u2010hospital mortality and length of stay for admission through emergency department: A territory\u2010wide observational cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9418-7448","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xi","family":"Xiong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9984-8156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abraham K. C.","family":"Wai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Medicine Unit, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China"},{"name":"Accident and Emergency Department Queen Mary Hospital Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3000-4577","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janet Y. H.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4196-8686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric H. M.","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8252-1533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Owen C. K.","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Medicine Unit, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6895-6071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos K. H.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China"},{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China"},{"name":"Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3355-3237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timothy H.","family":"Rainer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Medicine Unit, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China"},{"name":"Accident and Emergency Department Queen Mary Hospital Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30185-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(20)30108-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2020.3288"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0141076820962447"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.11.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.10.081"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.13011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa409"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0231253"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2020.08.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-018-2916-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31356-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n1135"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","unstructured":"2019\u20132020 Hospitsal Authority Statistical Report.https:\/\/www3.ha.org.hk\/data\/HAStatistics\/DownloadReport\/13?isPreview=False. 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