{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T22:59:52Z","timestamp":1781650792668,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,5]],"date-time":"2021-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638662400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014588","name":"Sanofi Pasteur","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014588","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Influenza Resp Viruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In response to the coronavirus disease (COVID\u201019) outbreak that unfolded across Europe in 2020, the World Health Organisation (WHO) called for repurposing existing influenza surveillance systems to monitor COVID\u201019. This analysis aimed to compare descriptively the extent to which influenza surveillance systems were adapted and enhanced and how COVID\u201019 surveillance could ultimately benefit or disrupt routine influenza surveillance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used a previously developed framework in France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom to describe COVID\u201019 surveillance and its impact on influenza surveillance. The framework divides surveillance systems into seven subsystems and 20 comparable outcomes of interest and uses five evaluation criteria based on WHO guidance. Information on influenza and COVID\u201019 surveillance systems were collected from publicly available resources shared by European and national public health agencies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, non\u2010medically attended, virological, primary care and mortality surveillance were adapted in most countries to monitor COVID\u201019, although community, outbreak and hospital surveillance were reinforced in all countries. Data granularity improved, with more detailed demographic and medical information recorded. A shift to systematic notification for cases and deaths enhanced both geographic and population representativeness, although the sampling strategy benefited from the roll out of widespread molecular testing. Data communication was greatly enhanced, contributing to improved public awareness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Well\u2010established influenza surveillance systems are a key component of pandemic preparedness, and their upgrade allowed European countries to respond to the COVID\u201019 pandemic. However, uncertainties remain on how both influenza and COVID\u201019 surveillance can be jointly and durably implemented.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12941","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,5]],"date-time":"2021-12-05T23:52:41Z","timestamp":1638748361000},"page":"417-428","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["A comparison of coronavirus disease 2019 and seasonal influenza surveillance in five European countries: France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Thierry","family":"Rigoine de Fougerolles","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CVA, Healthcare Practice  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5783-0409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joan","family":"Puig\u2010Barbera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccines Research Fisabio  Valencia Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Kassianos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal College of General Practitioners, UK and British Global &amp; Travel Health Association  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3188-1456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philippe","family":"Vanhems","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology and Evolutionary Ecology of Infectious Diseases (PHE<sup>3<\/sup>ID) \u2013 Inserm \u2010 U1111 \u2013 UCBL Lyon University Hospital and Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI)  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5872-2335","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorg","family":"Schelling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Faculty Ludwig\u2010Maximilians\u2010University  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pascal","family":"Crepey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Advanced Studies in Public Health University of Rennes  Rennes France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raul Ortiz","family":"de Lejarazu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Valladolid NIC University of Valladolid  Valladolid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Ansaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences University of Genoa  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Fruhwein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr. Fruehwein &amp; Partners, Practise for General Medicine, Travel Medicine and Tropical Diseases  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Galli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health University of Milan  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Mosnier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00e9seau des GROG Open Rome  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Pariani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health University of Milan  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anvar","family":"Rasuli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department Sanofi Pasteur  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Vitoux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CVA, Healthcare Practice  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Watkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Population Medicine, School of Medicine Cardiff University  Cardiff UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Weinke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinikum Ernst von Bergmann Medizinische Klinik, Gastroenterologie, Infektiologie, Pneumologie  Potsdam Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5439-8064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H\u00e9l\u00e8ne","family":"Bricout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department Sanofi Pasteur  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.9.2000178"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","unstructured":"WHO.WHO Director\u2010General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID\u201019\u201011 March 2020. 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