{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T02:36:06Z","timestamp":1791513366780,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]],"date-time":"2022-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645660800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Influenza Resp Viruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seasonal influenza viruses undergo unpredictable changes, which may lead to antigenic mismatch between circulating and vaccine strains and to a reduced vaccine effectiveness. A continuously updated knowledge of influenza strain circulation and seasonality is essential to optimize the effectiveness of influenza vaccination campaigns. We described the global epidemiology of influenza between the 2009 A(H1N1)p and the 2020 COVID\u201019 pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Influenza virological surveillance data were obtained from the WHO\u2010FluNet database. We determined the median proportion of influenza cases caused by the different influenza virus types, subtypes, and lineages; the typical timing of the epidemic peak; and the median duration of influenza epidemics (applying the annual average percentage method with a 75% threshold).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included over 4.6 million influenza cases from 149 countries. The median proportion of influenza cases caused by type A viruses was 75.5%, highest in the Southern hemisphere (81.6%) and lowest in the intertropical belt (73.0%), and ranged across seasons between 60.9% in 2017 and 88.7% in 2018. Epidemic peaks typically occurred during winter months in Northern and Southern hemisphere countries, while much more variability emerged in tropical countries. Influenza epidemics lasted a median of 25\u2009weeks (range 8\u201342) in countries lying between 30\u00b0N and 26\u00b0S, and a median of 9\u00a0weeks (range 5\u201325) in countries outside this latitude range.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This work will establish an important baseline to better understand factors that influence seasonal influenza dynamics and how COVID\u201019 may have affected seasonal activity and influenza virus types, subtypes, and lineages circulation patterns.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12969","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,25]],"date-time":"2022-02-25T01:19:31Z","timestamp":1645751971000},"page":"696-706","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Global patterns of seasonal influenza activity, duration of activity and virus (sub)type circulation from 2010 to 2020"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Patrizio","family":"Zanobini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5171-4308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guglielmo","family":"Bonaccorsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Lorini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mendel","family":"Haag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Outcomes Research and Epidemiology Seqirus NL BV  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0282-7728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ian","family":"McGovern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Outcomes Research and Epidemiology Seqirus Inc  Cambridge Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1503-2481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Paget","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (NIVEL)  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2262-1102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saverio","family":"Caini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (NIVEL)  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(99)00099-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7189\/jogh.09.020421"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS).https:\/\/www.who.int\/initiatives\/global-influenza-surveillance-and-response-systemAccessed 21 October 21 2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(02)00121-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.07.078"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.14.139428"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.13.124412"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jis467"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/ese.18.05.20388-en"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES2015.20.5.21024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jix632"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1884"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.47.2001847"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","first-page":"241","article-title":"World Health Organization. Review of global influenza circulation, late 2019 to 2020, and the impact of the COVID\u201019 pandemic on influenza circulation","volume":"96","author":"Karlsson EA","year":"2021","journal-title":"Wkly Epidemiol Rec"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.FluNet.https:\/\/www.who.int\/tools\/flunetAccessed October 21 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","unstructured":"Harvard WorldMap.https:\/\/worldmap.maps.arcgis.com\/home\/index.htmlAccessed October 21 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0152310"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","unstructured":"EPIPOI.Analytical software for epidemiological time series.https:\/\/www.epipoi.info\/Accessed October 21 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-12-982"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(19)30264-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1321656111"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2009.81.180"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1002383"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12319"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0222381"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0054445"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep17214"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2015.1086047"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268814003422"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-018-3181-y"}],"container-title":["Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/irv.12969","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/irv.12969","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/irv.12969","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]],"date-time":"2023-08-23T22:01:32Z","timestamp":1692828092000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/irv.12969"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/irv.12969"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/irv.12969","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/IRV.12969\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1750-2640","1750-2659"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1750-2640","type":"print"},{"value":"1750-2659","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-01-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-01-18","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-02-24","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}