{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:30:34Z","timestamp":1753878634195,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]],"date-time":"2023-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678752000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021\/PHF\/23776"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021\/PHF\/23776"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDP\/04923\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04923\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Influenza Resp Viruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Information on vaccine effectiveness in a context of novel variants of concern (VOC) emergence is of key importance to inform public health policies. This study aimed to estimate a measure of comparative vaccine effectiveness between Omicron (BA.1) and Delta (B.1.617.2 and sub\u2010lineages) VOC according to vaccination exposure (primary or booster).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We developed a case\u2013case study using data on RT\u2010PCR SARS\u2010CoV\u20102\u2010positive cases notified in Portugal during Weeks 49\u201351, 2021. To obtain measure of comparative vaccine effectiveness, we compared the odds of vaccination in Omicron cases versus Delta using logistic regression adjusted for age group, sex, region, week of diagnosis, and laboratory of origin.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Higher odds of vaccination were observed in cases infected by Omicron VOC compared with Delta VOC cases for both complete primary vaccination (odds ratio [OR]\u2009=\u20092.1; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.8 to 2.4) and booster dose (OR\u2009=\u20095.2; 95% CI: 3.1 to 8.8), equivalent to reduction of vaccine effectiveness from 44.7% and 92.8%, observed against infection with Delta, to \u22126.0% (95% CI: 29.2% to 12.7%) and 62.7% (95% CI: 35.7% to 77.9%), observed against infection with Omicron, for complete primary vaccination and booster dose, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Consistent reduction in vaccine\u2010induced protection against infection with Omicron was observed. Complete primary vaccination may not be protective against SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection in regions where Omicron variant is dominant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.13121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]],"date-time":"2023-03-15T03:55:08Z","timestamp":1678852508000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Comparative complete scheme and booster effectiveness of COVID\u201019 vaccines in preventing SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infections with SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 Omicron (BA.1) and Delta (B.1.617.2) variants: A case\u2013case study based on electronic health records"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5772-2416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irina","family":"Kislaya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge  Lisbon Portugal"},{"name":"Public Health Research Centre, NOVA National School of Public Health Universidade NOVA de Lisboa  Lisbon Portugal"},{"name":"Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC) Universidade NOVA de Lisboa  Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Peralta\u2010Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Research Centre, NOVA National School of Public Health Universidade NOVA de Lisboa  Lisbon Portugal"},{"name":"Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC) Universidade NOVA de Lisboa  Lisbon Portugal"},{"name":"Dire\u00e7\u00e3o de Servi\u00e7os de Informa\u00e7\u00e3o e An\u00e1lise Dire\u00e7\u00e3o\u2010Geral da Sa\u00fade  Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V\u00edtor","family":"Borges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomic and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge  Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Gen\u00e9tica Humana, Instituto Nacional de Sa\u00fade Doutor Ricardo Jorge Unidade de Tecnologia e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o  Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unilabs  Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bibiana","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC\u2010RI)  Faro Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMCB), Campus de Gambelas University of Algarve  Faro Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Pelerito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Portuguese Red Cross Laboratory  Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Paulo","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomic and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge  Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pedro Pinto","family":"Leite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dire\u00e7\u00e3o de Servi\u00e7os de Informa\u00e7\u00e3o e An\u00e1lise Dire\u00e7\u00e3o\u2010Geral da Sa\u00fade  Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baltazar","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge  Lisbon Portugal"},{"name":"Public Health Research Centre, NOVA National School of Public Health Universidade NOVA de Lisboa  Lisbon Portugal"},{"name":"Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC) Universidade NOVA de Lisboa  Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"PT COVID\u201019 group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04411-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Classification of Omicron (B.1.1.529): SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 Variant of Concern. 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