{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T22:31:02Z","timestamp":1783377062674,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,21]],"date-time":"2023-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679356800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004423","name":"World Health Organization","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004423","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Influenza Resp Viruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 pandemic highlighted the need for reliable disease burden estimation from low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries like Pakistan. We designed retrospective age\u2010stratified estimation of influenza\u2010related severe acute respiratory infections (SARIs) incidence in Islamabad Pakistan 2017\u20132019.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The catchment area was mapped on SARI data from one designated influenza sentinel site and other healthcare facilities in the Islamabad region. The incidence rate was calculated as per 100,000 for each age group with 95% confidence interval.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The catchment population for the sentinel site was 0.7 million against the total denominator of 1.015 million, and incidence rates were adjusted. During January 2017 to December 2019, among 13,905 hospitalizations, 6715 (48%) patients were enrolled; 1208 of these (18%) were positive for influenza. During 2017, influenza A\/H3 dominated with 52% detections followed by A(H1N1)pdm09 (35%) and influenza B (13%). Furthermore, elderly 65+ years age group had highest hospitalizations and influenza positive. The incidence rates of all cause respiratory and influenza\u2010related SARI were highest among children &gt;5\u00a0years; highest incidence was found in 0 to 11\u2009month\/year group with 424\/100,000 cases and lowest in 5\u201315\u2009years 56\/100,000. The estimated average annual influenza\u2010associated hospitalization percentage was 29.3% during the study period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Influenza accounts for a significant proportion of respiratory morbidity and hospitalization. These estimates would enable governments for evidence\u2010based decisions and priority allocation of health resources. It is necessary to test for other respiratory pathogens for more clear disease burden estimation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.13125","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,21]],"date-time":"2023-03-21T23:25:31Z","timestamp":1679441131000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Estimation of seasonal influenza disease burden using sentinel site data in Pakistan 2017\u20132019: A cross\u2010sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Salman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Laboratories Division National Institute of Health  Islamabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2329-7877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nazish","family":"Badar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Laboratories Division National Institute of Health  Islamabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aamer","family":"Ikram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Executive Director National Institute of Health  Islamabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4107-6154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadia","family":"Nisar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Laboratories Division National Institute of Health  Islamabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umer","family":"Farooq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Agricultural Research Center  Islamabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003550"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(17)33293\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0124122"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.A manual for estimating disease burden associated with seasonal influenza.2015.https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/178801. Accessed January 19 2023."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12979"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Influenza (seasonal) fact sheet.https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/influenza-(seasonal). Accessed January 19 2023."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2017.1415686"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25913"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","unstructured":"WHO.Human infection with pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus: updated interim WHO guidance on global surveillance.2009.http:\/\/www.who.int\/csr\/resources\/publications\/swineflu\/interim_guidance\/en\/index.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","unstructured":"PAHO WHO.Recommendations and laboratory procedures for detection of avian influenza A (H5N1) virus in specimens from suspected human cases.2007.https:\/\/www.paho.org\/en\/documents\/recommendations\u2010and\u2010laboratory\u2010procedures\u2010detection\u2010avian\u2010influenza\u2010ah5n1\u2010virus\u2010specimens. 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