{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T02:38:12Z","timestamp":1772505492670,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]],"date-time":"2024-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Influenza Resp Viruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The COVID\u201019\u2010Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network (COVID\u2010NET) was established in March 2020 to monitor trends in hospitalizations associated with SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection. COVID\u2010NET is a geographically diverse population\u2010based surveillance system for laboratory\u2010confirmed COVID\u201019\u2010associated hospitalizations with a combined catchment area covering approximately 10% of the US population. Data collected in COVID\u2010NET includes monthly counts of hospitalizations for persons with confirmed SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection who reside within the defined catchment area. A Bayesian modeling approach is proposed to estimate US national COVID\u2010associated hospital admission rates based on information reported in the COVID\u2010NET system. A key component of the approach is the ability to estimate uncertainty resulting from extrapolation of hospitalization rates observed within COVID\u2010NET to the US population. In addition, the proposed model enables estimation of other contributors to uncertainty including temporal dependence among reported COVID\u2010NET admission counts, the impact of unmeasured site\u2010specific factors, and the frequency and accuracy of testing for SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection. Based on the proposed model, an estimated 6.3 million (95% uncertainty interval (UI) 5.4\u20137.3 million) COVID\u201019\u2010associated hospital admissions occurred in the United States from September 2020 through December 2023. Between April 2020 and December 2023, model\u2010based monthly admission rate estimates ranged from a minimum of 1 per 10,000 population (95% UI 0.7\u20131.2) in June of 2023 to a highest monthly level of 16 per 10,000 (95% UI 13\u201319) in January 2022.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.70026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]],"date-time":"2024-10-23T06:15:19Z","timestamp":1729664119000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Extrapolating Sentinel Surveillance Information to Estimate National COVID Hospital Admission Rates: A Bayesian Modeling Approach"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3120-2840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Owen","family":"Devine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Eagle Global Scientific LLC  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huong","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CDC, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Betsy","family":"Gunnels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CDC, Global Health Center  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heather\u00a0E.","family":"Reese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CDC, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Molly","family":"Steele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CDC, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexia","family":"Couture","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CDC, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8742-3687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danielle","family":"Iuliano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CDC, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Darpun","family":"Sachdev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Department of Public Health  Richmond California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nisha\u00a0B.","family":"Alden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colorado Department of Public Health &amp; Environment  Denver Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Meek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Connecticut Emerging Infections Program Yale School of Public Health  New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1475-6952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucy","family":"Witt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases Emory University School of Medicine, Georgia Emerging Infections Program  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patricia\u00a0A.","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maryland Department of Health  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Libby","family":"Reeg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michigan Department of Health and Human Services  Lansing Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"Lynfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Minnesota Department of Health  St. Paul Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan\u00a0L.","family":"Ropp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New Mexico Department of Health  Santa Fe New Mexico USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Grant","family":"Barney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York State Department of Health  Albany New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brenda\u00a0L.","family":"Tesini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry  Rochester New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eli","family":"Shiltz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ohio Department of Health  Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Sutton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Division Oregon Health Authority  Portland Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.\u00a0Keipp","family":"Talbot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabella","family":"Reyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Salt Lake County Health Department  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fiona\u00a0P.","family":"Havers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CDC, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"CDC \u201cCOVID\u2010NET Overview and Methods \u201dhttps:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/coronavirus\/2019\u2010ncov\/covid\u2010data\/covid\u2010net\/purpose\u2010methods.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0118369"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/34296"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7219e1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","unstructured":"Respiratory Virus Response (RVR) United States Hospitalization Metrics by Jurisdiction Timeseries(n.d.) https:\/\/data.cdc.gov\/Public\u2010Health\u2010Surveillance\/Respiratory\u2010Virus\u2010Response\u2010RVR\u2010United\u2010States\u2010Hospi\/9t9r\u2010e5a3\/about_data."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.13089"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","volume-title":"Statistical Distributions","author":"Forbes C.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sste.2011.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biostatistics\/4.1.11"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","unstructured":"CDC Wonder: Bridged\u2010Race Population Estimates(n.d.) 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