{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:33:28Z","timestamp":1753878808370,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,10]],"date-time":"2024-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005982","name":"Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005982","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Influenza Resp Viruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>On September 2, 2022, bivalent COVID\u201019 mRNA vaccines, were recommended to address reduced effectiveness of COVID\u201019 monovalent vaccines during SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 Omicron variant predominance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using national pharmacy\u2010based SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 testing program data from January 15 to September 11, 2023, this test\u2010negative, case\u2013control design study assessed bivalent COVID\u201019 vaccine effectiveness (VE) against symptomatic infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>VE against symptomatic infection of a bivalent dose between 2\u2009weeks and 1\u2009month after bivalent vaccination ranged from 46% (95% CI: 38%\u201352%) for those aged \u2265\u200965\u2009years to 61% (95% CI 41%\u201375%) for those aged 12\u201317\u2009years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bivalent vaccines protected against symptomatic infection. However, effectiveness waned over time, emphasizing the need to stay up to date with COVID\u201019 vaccination.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.70038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]],"date-time":"2024-11-11T01:04:27Z","timestamp":1731287067000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effectiveness of Bivalent mRNA Vaccines in Preventing Symptomatic SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 Infection\u2014Increasing Community Access to Testing Program, United States, January\u2013September 2023"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8739-1005","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Allison\u00a0Avrich","family":"Ciesla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  Atlanta Georgia USA"},{"name":"Eagle Health Analytics  San Antonio Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josephine","family":"Mak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lauren\u00a0E.","family":"Roper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katherine\u00a0E.","family":"Fleming\u2010Dutra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zachary\u00a0R.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office of Readiness and Response Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryan\u00a0E.","family":"Wiegand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amadea","family":"Britton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office of Readiness and Response Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"Link\u2010Gelles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  Atlanta Georgia USA"},{"name":"US Public Health Service Commissioned Corps  Rockville Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7145a2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. \u201cInterim Clinical Considerations for Use of COVID\u201019 Vaccines: Appendices References and Previous Updates\u201d. 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