{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T07:48:58Z","timestamp":1787730538291,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,12]],"date-time":"2025-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Influenza Resp Viruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The global pandemic caused by SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 has resulted in millions of people experiencing long COVID condition, a range of persistent symptoms following the acute phase, with an estimated prevalence of 27%\u201364%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To understand its pathophysiology, we conducted a longitudinal study on viral load and cytokine dynamics in individuals with confirmed SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection. We used reverse transcriptase droplet digital PCR to quantify viral RNA from nasopharyngeal swabs and employed multiplex technology to measure plasma cytokine levels in a cohort of people with SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection. Our study included individuals with long COVID condition and those without, all of whom had at least three nasopharyngeal and plasma samples collected within 55\u2009days after diagnosis of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Individuals affected with long COVID symptoms had delayed viral clearance and lower viral loads at diagnosis compared to those without symptoms. Additionally, cytokine analysis revealed variations in IL\u201018, MIG, and IP\u201010 levels, with delayed normalization in individuals affected by long COVID syndrome. Correlation analysis indicated associations between viral load and IP\u201010 and interrelations among cytokines IL\u20101\u03b2, IL\u201018, MIG, and IP\u201010.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study provides insights into the association between nasopharyngeal viral load, cytokine dynamics, and the development of long COVID syndrome, providing an early signature of this condition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.70068","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,12]],"date-time":"2025-01-12T23:05:14Z","timestamp":1736723114000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 Viral Load and Cytokine Dynamics Profile as Early Signatures of Long COVID Condition in Hospitalized Individuals"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Jacobo","family":"Alonso\u00a0Dom\u00ednguez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology and Pathogenesis Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS\u2010UVIGO  Vigo Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"In\u00e9s","family":"Mart\u00ednez\u00a0Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology and Pathogenesis Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS\u2010UVIGO  Vigo Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Vi\u00e9itez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomics Unit Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS\u2010UVIGO  Vigo Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mercedes","family":"Peleteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CINBIO Universidade de Vigo  Vigo Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Calder\u00f3n\u2010Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Statistics and Methodology Unit Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS\u2010UVIGO  Vigo Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9\u00a0A.","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez\u2010N\u00f3voa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AI Platform Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS\u2010UVIGO  Vigo Spain"},{"name":"Departamento de Tecnolog\u00eda Electr\u00f3nica Universidade de Vigo  Vigo Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"P\u00e9rez\u00a0Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology and Pathogenesis Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS\u2010UVIGO  Vigo Spain"},{"name":"Internal Medicine Department Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo (CHUVI), Sergas  Vigo Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginia","family":"Leiro\u00a0Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pneumology Department Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo (CHUVI), Sergas  Vigo Spain"},{"name":"NeumoVigo I+i Research Group Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia sur), SERGAS\u2010UVIGO; CIBERES, ISCIII  Vigo Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aida","family":"L\u00f3pez\u00a0L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology and Pathogenesis Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS\u2010UVIGO  Vigo Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4835-9875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva","family":"Poveda\u00a0L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology and Pathogenesis Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS\u2010UVIGO  Vigo Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofad471"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization \u201cPost COVID\u201019 condition (Long COVID)\u201d."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2021.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2023.1085988"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11092241"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010022\u201007414\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms9112259"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11102396"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5492\/wjccm.v10.i4.132"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.714221"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2020.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa363"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.28113"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1257725"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202005\u20101885OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.20255"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010020\u201015188\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29652"}],"container-title":["Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/irv.70068","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]],"date-time":"2025-01-28T06:02:10Z","timestamp":1738044130000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/irv.70068"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/irv.70068"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/irv.70068","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/IRV.70068\/v2\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/IRV.70068\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/IRV.70068\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/IRV.70068\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1750-2640","1750-2659"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1750-2640","type":"print"},{"value":"1750-2659","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-07-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-12-14","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-01-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70068"}}