{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T02:47:03Z","timestamp":1772160423266,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744761600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01IP000458"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01IP000458"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004330","name":"GlaxoSmithKline","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004330","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Influenza Resp Viruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection in children less than 5\u2009years of age worldwide. In the United States, RSV commonly causes hospitalization in young children and is the leading cause of hospitalizations in infants. As new RSV immunizations become available, burden estimates are critical to guide the implementation of recommendations and quantify impact.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We estimated RSV\u2010associated hospitalization rates at a large US pediatric medical center during an 8\u2010year period using five approaches, namely, estimation directly from active and passive surveillance systems, both a crude and stratified capture\u2013recapture analysis of data from both systems, and estimation based on discharge diagnosis codes. The stratified analysis was performed to ensure adherence with the capture\u2013recapture methodology assumption that samples are independent and participants have an equal probability of being observed within each system.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, estimated RSV\u2010associated hospitalization rates per 1000 children were 4.0 (2.5, 6.1) based on adjusted estimates from active surveillance, 1.7 (2.1, 4.4) from passive surveillance, 7.9 (5.7, 13.0) from crude capture\u2013recapture analysis, 5.0 (3.8, 7.2) from the stratified capture\u2013recapture, and 4.4 (4.0, 4.9) from discharge diagnosis codes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Each method has limitations and inherent biases that may impact the estimation of the burden of RSV. Capture\u2013recapture analysis may be a useful tool to estimate the burden of RSV, but needs to be adjusted to account for possible violation of the assumptions of independence and equal probability of capture to ensure accurate approximation of disease burden and avoid over estimation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.70096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,21]],"date-time":"2025-04-21T06:29:46Z","timestamp":1745216986000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Using Multiple Methods to Estimate Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)\u2010associated Hospitalization Rates in Children Aged &lt;\u20095\u2009Years\u2014Hamilton County, Ohio, 2009\u20132017"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2010-4379","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth\u00a0J.","family":"Harker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Wiegand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7056-511X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erica\u00a0Billig","family":"Rose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  Atlanta Georgia USA"},{"name":"US Public Health Service  Rockville Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marilyn","family":"Rice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Quigley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chelsea","family":"Rohlfs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan\u00a0I.","family":"Gerber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gayle\u00a0E.","family":"Langley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heidi\u00a0L.","family":"Moline","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  Atlanta Georgia USA"},{"name":"US Public Health Service  Rockville Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary\u00a0Allen","family":"Staat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center  Cincinnati Ohio USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati  Cincinnati Ohio 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