{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T20:58:04Z","timestamp":1792097884065,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]],"date-time":"2025-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756944000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004423","name":"World Health Organization","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004423","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Influenza Resp Viruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of this study is to summarize the state of knowledge on the economic burden and cost of illness due to influenza, SARS\u2010CoV\u20102, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and other respiratory viruses (ORV) in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a scoping review across three databases (PubMed\u2010Medline, Scielo, and Embase) without time restriction, including economic burden and cost\u2010of\u2010illness studies. We extracted and analyzed data on publication year, population, study type, perspective, costing techniques, and settings. We reported absolute and relative frequencies to summarize the results. Economic burden estimates were divided by the gross domestic product (GDP) for each country. Costs were converted into 2022 international dollars (PPP).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Overall, 2638 articles were retrieved; we included 44 full texts from 16 LAC countries. Twenty\u2010four (54.5%) studies focused on influenza, 16 (36.4%) on SARS\u2010CoV\u20102, 3 (6.8%) on RSV, and 1 on ORV. Twenty two (50.0%) focused on cost\u2010effectiveness (related to vaccination)\/cost\u2013benefit analysis, and 17 (38.6%) focused on cost of illness. Most studies (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200933, 75.0%) were conducted from the third\u2010party perspective. Fifty percent of the studies used a bottom\u2010up costing technique and 29.6% top\u2010down. Influenza direct medical costs ranged from I$6.6\u2013I$300.3 for outpatients and I$62.8\u2013I$222,920 for inpatients; for RSV from I$68.3\u2013I$1292; and for SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 between I$69.9 and I$38,039. The total annual costs of the influenza economic burden ranged between 0.0003% and 1.33% of the GDP.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study showed variability in costing methods, perspectives, and types of studies among LAC countries. This variability underscores the need for standardized methodologies in future cost studies to ensure comparability and reliability of results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.70148","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T00:40:03Z","timestamp":1757032803000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Economic Burden of Respiratory Viruses in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC): A Scoping Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9382-214X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nelson\u00a0J.","family":"Alvis\u2010Zakzuk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pan\u2010American Health Organization  Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Couto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pan\u2010American Health Organization  Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge\u00a0H.","family":"Jara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pan\u2010American Health Organization  Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Descalzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pan\u2010American Health Organization  Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Rondy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pan\u2010American Health Organization  Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4395-347X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefano","family":"Tempia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Partnership for International Vaccine Initiative Taskforce for Global Health  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Vicari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pan\u2010American Health Organization  Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978\u2010023\u201001616\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12081295"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","volume-title":"Pandemic Influenza Preparedness Framework: Partnership Contribution High\u2010Level Implementation Plan III 2024\u20132030","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473\u20103099(24)00176\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0221479"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","unstructured":"OPS\/OMS|Organizaci\u00f3n Panamericana de la Salud \u201cInfluenza SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 VSR y Otros Virus Respiratorios \u201d Accessed October 1 2023 https:\/\/www.paho.org\/es\/temas\/influenza\u2010sars\u2010cov\u20102\u2010vsr\u2010otros\u2010virus\u2010respiratorios."},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","first-page":"92","article-title":"Vacuna Tetravalente de Influenza en los Programas Nacionales de Inmunizaci\u00f3n Para los Pa\u00edses de Am\u00e9rica Latina","volume":"40","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez A. 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