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We aimed to compare the humoral immune responses elicited by mRNA and adenoviral vector (Ad\u2010vector) COVID\u201019 vaccines in hospital employees and to assess the possible impact of prior SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection on these responses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a prospective observational cohort study by recruiting employees of the Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel who were vaccinated with an mRNA or Ad\u2010vector vaccine. We assessed anti\u2010spike (S) IgG and neutralising capacity at 1, 6 and 12\u2009months (post\u2010mRNA booster). Anti\u2010S and anti\u2010NCP IgG were measured by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay, and neutralising capacity was assessed using Genscript's cPASS. Non\u2010parametric group comparisons used the Mann\u2013Whitney U test, complemented by multiple linear regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Following RVR, mRNA\u2010vaccinated individuals (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009380) exhibited higher anti\u2010S IgG titres and neutralising capacity compared to those who received Ad\u2010vector vaccines (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009200). After the booster, anti\u2010spike IgG remained higher in mRNA\u2010vaccinated individuals than in Ad\u2010vector recipients (\n                      <jats:italic>q<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001); Ad\u2010vector vaccinated individuals showed superior neutralising capacity. Natural SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection prior to vaccination had varying impact on anti\u2010S IgG and neutralising capacity, depending on vaccination type and time points.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings underscore that both vaccine platforms and prior infections shape the magnitude and quality of the humoral immune response, highlighting the importance of considering priming strategy, booster design and hybrid immunity when optimising COVID\u201019 vaccination schedules for durable protection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.70202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T23:05:21Z","timestamp":1767654321000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Longitudinal SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 Antibody Response in Healthcare Workers: Benefit of Prior Infection and Heterologous Boosting on Anti\u2010Spike IgG Immunity"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3836-0517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Els","family":"Van\u00a0Nedervelde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Infectiology Vitality Research Group (MIPI), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel  Brussels Belgium"},{"name":"Neuro\u2010Aging and Viro\u2010Immunotherapy Research Group (NAVI), Vrije Universiteit Brussel  Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3701-0889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ellen","family":"Vancutsem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Biology, Laboratory of Microbiology and Infection Control Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel  Brussels 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