{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T20:55:21Z","timestamp":1788814521566,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772668800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APP1194109"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1194109"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Influenza Resp Viruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Emergency department (ED) syndromic surveillance (EDSyS) often relies on preliminary or ED discharge diagnosis codes as indicators of influenza, but few studies provide a justification for their selection. This retrospective analytical study aimed to optimise the selection of diagnostic codes in EDSyS for monitoring influenza activity and severity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diagnostic codes potentially relating to a respiratory infection and assigned to people presenting to over 180 EDs in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, were grouped into 16 mutually exclusive \u2018ED Syndromes\u2019. Time series of the proportion of ED presentations for each ED syndrome by epidemiological week between 2010 and 2019 were compared to a reference series of the percentage influenza positive results from sentinel laboratories, using two similarity and three timeliness statistics. Hospital inpatient admission and laboratory notification data linked to each ED presentation allowed assessment of patient infection status and outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\u2018Unspecified Viral\u2019 (any non\u2010specific viral illness, without reference to the respiratory system) and ED syndromes based on influenza like Illness (ILI) and influenza had the best combination of similarity and timeliness measures. Linked data identified relatively high rates of hospital admission, laboratory\u2010confirmed influenza and inpatient influenza diagnosis for ED syndromes based on pneumonia and lower respiratory tract infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In addition to ILI and influenza, ED syndromes based on unspecified viral illnesses can be used for EDSyS to assess influenza timing and transmissibility in NSW, Australia. The approach outlined in our paper can identify diagnostic codes to improve severity assessment of seasonal influenza using EDSyS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.70242","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T19:29:58Z","timestamp":1772998198000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Emergency Department Syndromic Surveillance Diagnostic Code Selection for Assessing Severity of Seasonal Influenza in New South Wales, Australia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Nectarios","family":"Rose","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New South Wales  Kensington Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam\u00a0T.","family":"Craig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Queensland  Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David\u00a0J.","family":"Muscatello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New South Wales  Kensington Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003550"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-09949-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2006.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. \u201cPandemic Influenza Severity Assessment (PISA): A WHO Guide to Assess the Severity of Influenza in Seasonal Epidemics and Pandemics \u201d Second Edition. Geneva (2024)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2016.299"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1197\/jamia.M2922"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","article-title":"Comparing the Utility of Ambulatory Care and Emergency Room Data for Disease Outbreak Detection","volume":"4","author":"Costa M.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Advances in Disease Surveillance"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1709.101357"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/emermed-2014-204174"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-022-08857-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","unstructured":"P.Siminski A. J.Bezzina andK.Eagar \u201cWhy 'Primary Care' Patients Go to Emergency Departments: Demographic Profile and Reasons for Presentation \u201d (2006)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-019-05128-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.13220"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.epirev.a017917"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-031914-122747"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0073832"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-017-4515-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2013.11.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-6405.2009.00391.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/jom-2020-0129"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0244746"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12330"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-2659.2012.00422.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0272154"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization \u201cPandemic Influenza Severity Assessment (PISA): A WHO Guide to Assess the Severity of Influenza Epidemics and Pandemics \u201d Geneva (2017)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","unstructured":"NSW Health \u201cInfluenza Surveillance Report \u201d (2010) accessed March 2 2024 https:\/\/www.health.nsw.gov.au\/Infectious\/Influenza\/Pages\/reports.aspx."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","unstructured":"NSW Health \u201cNSW Respiratory Surveillance Reports\u2014COVID\u201019 and Influenza \u201d (2023) accessed February 4 2023 https:\/\/www.health.nsw.gov.au\/Infectious\/covid\u201019\/Pages\/weekly\u2010reports.aspx."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2024.106307"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17061\/phrp2621621"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s44263-023-00029-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocab084"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12089"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bdr.2023.100407"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","unstructured":"M.Kljun M.Tersek andE.Strumbelj \u201cA Review and Comparison of Time Series Similarity Measures \u201d Paper presented at: ERK 2020 (2020)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10618-012-0250-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1197\/jamia.M2328"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ics.2004.02.121"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","unstructured":"mem: The Moving Epidemic Method [Computer Program] Version 2.18 (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","unstructured":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing [Computer Program](2023)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-11-338"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","article-title":"Impact of the H1N1 Influenza Pandemic in Two Rural Emergency Departments","volume":"12","author":"Falconer E.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rural and Remote Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00103-016-2454-0"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Emergency Department Chief Complaint and Diagnosis Data to Detect Influenza\u2010Like Illness With an Electronic Medical Record","volume":"11","author":"May L. S.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Western Journal of Emergency Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5858\/133.6.916"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idh.2023.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-021-01531-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2023.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191912954"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2017.08.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2019.03.002"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","first-page":"1066","article-title":"Research Progress in Establishing Baselines and Thresholds of Influenza Epidemic","volume":"53","author":"Guo Q.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-985X.2007.00502.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtumed.2020.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2022.104236"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","unstructured":"European Centre for Disease P Control. Joint ECDC\/WHO Regional Office for Europe Meeting on Influenza Surveillance: Ljubljana Slovenia 7\u20139 June 2011: Summary Report. Copenhagen: World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe; 2011 (2011)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1154944"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwx334"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-5-141"}],"container-title":["Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/irv.70242","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/irv.70242","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/irv.70242","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T09:21:28Z","timestamp":1774516888000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/irv.70242"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/irv.70242"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/irv.70242","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1750-2640","1750-2659"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1750-2640","type":"print"},{"value":"1750-2659","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-12","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-05","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70242"}}