{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T12:47:45Z","timestamp":1792759665135,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781827200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Influenza Resp Viruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus\u20102 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102) may affect cognition, but its association with incident dementia remains inconsistent. We explored the association of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection and its vaccination with dementia risk in a nationwide sample of middle\u2010aged and older adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This nested case\u2013control study used electronic healthcare data from Israel's largest health provider. Participants were dementia\u2010free individuals aged \u2265\u200950\u2009years at baseline (March 2020), followed up until May 2022. Incident dementia cases were matched to dementia\u2010free controls using density sampling by age, sex, and date of entry to the study, with a ratio of 1:10. SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 was defined by positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or institutional antigen tests. Multivariable conditional logistic regression models evaluated the association of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102, its severity and vaccination, and pneumonia as a comparator, with dementia risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among the 1,145,322 eligible participants, 27,280 dementia cases were matched to 272,800 controls. SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection was associated with increased dementia risk (OR\u2009=\u20091.18; 95% CI 1.12\u20131.24;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). This association was confined to hospitalized individuals with mild (OR\u2009=\u20092.39; 95% CI 2.07\u20132.76) and moderate\u2010to\u2010severe disease (OR\u2009=\u20091.93; 95% CI 1.70\u20132.20), was comparable to pneumonia (OR\u2009=\u20091.89; 95% CI 1.80\u20131.99), and was no longer evident after 6\u2009months (OR\u2009=\u20091.04; 95% CI 0.96\u20131.12). COVID\u201019 vaccination was associated with 7%, 15%, and 31% lower dementia risk after two, three, and four doses, respectively. Unvaccinated individuals with prior COVID\u201019 had the highest dementia risk.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dementia diagnoses are increased after COVID\u201019, especially in hospitalized patients. Risk is comparable to other respiratory infections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.70277","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T06:04:29Z","timestamp":1781935469000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 Infection, Vaccination Status, and Dementia Risk: A Nested Case\u2013Control Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Nika","family":"Zur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences University of Haifa  Haifa Israel"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Carmel Medical Center  Haifa Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nili","family":"Stein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Statistical Unit Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center  Haifa 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