{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T08:49:54Z","timestamp":1791967794938,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789862400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Influenza Resp Viruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Live bird markets (LBMs) are high\u2010risk environments for the amplification and transmission of avian influenza viruses (AIVs). In Cambodia, limited data exist on knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) among poultry workers, who represent a key occupational risk group. This study assessed KAP related to avian influenza (AI) among poultry workers in three major Cambodian LBMs, with a focus on changes before and during the COVID\u201019 pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional survey of 100 poultry workers was conducted using a structured questionnaire covering socio\u2010demographics, AI awareness, personal protective equipment (PPE) use, training participation, and preventive behaviors. Comparisons were made between the pre\u2010COVID\u201019 pandemic and COVID\u201019 pandemic periods using McNemar's test for dichotomous variables, and the symmetry chi\u2010square and marginal homogeneity tests for variables with more than two categories, to determine whether response distributions changed significantly over time.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The proportion of workers earning below USD 350 per month increased from 41% before the pandemic to 52% during the pandemic (\n                      <jats:italic>p\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u20090.001). PPE use declined significantly: Face mask use dropped from 58% to 40% (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003), while reports of no PPE use rose from 21% to 49% (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Awareness of avian influenza decreased from 81% to 59% (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and participation in influenza\u2010related training fell from 30% to 10% (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Workers primarily relied on informal information channels, with veterinary officers identified as trusted but underutilized sources.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite moderate baseline awareness of avian influenza, preventive practices among Cambodian poultry workers were limited and further declined during the COVID\u201019 pandemic, reflecting broader economic and structural challenges. Supporting affordable access to PPE, strengthening market\u2010based training, and expanding culturally adapted, multiplatform risk communication strategies will be essential. Integrated interventions, combined with enhanced surveillance during peak poultry trade periods, can help reduce occupational exposure and interrupt zoonotic transmission pathways in LBMs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.70321","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T04:32:33Z","timestamp":1789965153000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of the COVID\u201019 Pandemic on Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Related to Avian Influenza Among Poultry Workers in Cambodia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9550-335X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Malen","family":"Chan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology and Public Health Unit Institut Pasteur du Cambodge  Phnom Penh Cambodia"},{"name":"National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, John Curtin School of Medical Research Australian National University  Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5767-0035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frida E.","family":"Sparaciari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology Unit Institut Pasteur du Cambodge  Phnom Penh Cambodia"},{"name":"College of Science and Engineering James Cook University  Cairns Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sowath","family":"Ly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology and Public Health Unit Institut Pasteur du Cambodge  Phnom Penh Cambodia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kunthy","family":"Nguon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology and Public Health Unit Institut Pasteur du Cambodge  Phnom Penh Cambodia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimsan","family":"Souv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology and Public Health Unit Institut Pasteur du Cambodge  Phnom Penh Cambodia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samantha","family":"Colquhoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, John Curtin School of Medical Research Australian National University  Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claude","family":"Flamand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology and Public Health Unit Institut Pasteur du Cambodge  Phnom Penh Cambodia"},{"name":"Mathematical Modeling of Infectious Diseases Unit Institut Pasteur, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, UMR2000, CNRS  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6004-5671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erik A.","family":"Karlsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology Unit Institut Pasteur du Cambodge  Phnom Penh Cambodia"},{"name":"Environment and Infectious Risks Unit, Laboratory for Urgent Response to Biological Threats (CIBU) Institut Pasteur  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/338820"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00037\u201006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1503.071410"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.330.7486.273"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2019.1604085"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2901.220934"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.onehlt.2023.100644"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/emi.2016.69"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2402.171360"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1902.121201"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0110713"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0037986"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.13009"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy583"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-7077-0_19"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","unstructured":"V. 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