{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T07:21:59Z","timestamp":1792653719160,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,1]],"date-time":"2013-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1375315200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Wound Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Human amnion\/chorion tissue derived from the placenta is rich in cytokines and growth factors known to promote wound healing; however, preservation of the biological activities of therapeutic allografts during processing remains a challenge. In this study,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PURION<\/jats:styled-content>\u00ae (MiMedx, Marietta, GA) processed dehydrated human amnion\/chorion tissue allografts (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">dHACM<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EpiFix<\/jats:styled-content>\u00ae, MiMedx) were evaluated for the presence of growth factors, interleukins (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ILs<\/jats:styled-content>) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIMPs<\/jats:styled-content>). Enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assays (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELISA<\/jats:styled-content>) were performed on samples of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">dHACM<\/jats:styled-content>and showed quantifiable levels of the following growth factors: platelet\u2010derived growth factor\u2010AA (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDGF\u2010AA<\/jats:styled-content>),<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDGF\u2010BB<\/jats:styled-content>, transforming growth factor \u03b1 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TGF<\/jats:styled-content>\u03b1),<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TGF<\/jats:styled-content>\u03b21, basic fibroblast growth factor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">bFGF<\/jats:styled-content>), epidermal growth factor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EGF<\/jats:styled-content>), placental growth factor (PLGF) and granulocyte colony\u2010stimulating factor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GCSF<\/jats:styled-content>). The<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELISA<\/jats:styled-content>assays also confirmed the presence of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104, 6, 8 and 10, and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIMP<\/jats:styled-content>1, 2 and 4. Moreover, the relative elution of growth factors into saline from the allograft ranged from 4% to 62%, indicating that there are bound and unbound fractions of these compounds within the allograft.<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">dHACM<\/jats:styled-content>retained biological activities that cause human dermal fibroblast proliferation and migration of human mesenchymal stem cells (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSCs<\/jats:styled-content>) in vitro. An in vivo mouse model showed that<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">dHACM<\/jats:styled-content>when tested in a skin flap model caused mesenchymal progenitor cell recruitment to the site of implantation. The results from both the in vitro and in vivo experiments clearly established that<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">dHACM<\/jats:styled-content>contains one or more soluble factors capable of stimulating<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSC<\/jats:styled-content>migration and recruitment. In summary,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PURION<\/jats:styled-content>\u00ae processed<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">dHACM<\/jats:styled-content>retains its biological activities related to wound healing, including the potential to positively affect four distinct and pivotal physiological processes intimately involved in wound healing: cell proliferation, inflammation, metalloproteinase activity and recruitment of progenitor cells. This suggests a paracrine mechanism of action for<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">dHACM<\/jats:styled-content>when used for wound healing applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.12140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,1]],"date-time":"2013-08-01T06:03:17Z","timestamp":1375336997000},"page":"493-500","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":290,"title":["Biological properties of dehydrated human amnion\/chorion composite graft: implications for chronic wound healing"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Thomas J","family":"Koob","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MiMedx Group, Inc. Marietta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Rennert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery Stanford University School of Medicine Palo Alto CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Zabek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MiMedx Group, Inc. Marietta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Massee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MiMedx Group, Inc. Marietta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy J","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MiMedx Group, Inc. Marietta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johnna S","family":"Temenoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William W","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Angiogenesis Foundation Cambridge MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geoffrey","family":"Gurtner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery Stanford University School of Medicine Palo Alto CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-1549(02)00110-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2009.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"1237","article-title":"Human amniotic membrane: a versatile wound dressing","volume":"118","author":"Gruss JS","year":"1978","journal-title":"Can Med Assoc J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0305-4179(89)90015-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2012.21.6.290"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.12035"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.12097"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","unstructured":"Serena T Fetterolf D. 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