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In this study we discuss a particular <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ES<\/jats:styled-content>, with a different type of waveform, corresponding to the principle of stochastic resonance. Between July 2008 and May 2010, 32 patients were enrolled and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ES<\/jats:styled-content> was applied to wounds using the bioelectrical signal therapy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BST<\/jats:styled-content>) device (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LifeWave<\/jats:styled-content>, Petach Tiqwa, Israel). The outcome evaluated in group 1 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 21) was wound healing, while group 2 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 11) was evaluated for wound\u2010related pain [Visual Number Scale (VNS) pain scale] during treatment. In group 1, 87% of the wounds closed in an average time of 97 days (range 10\u2013150 days); three patients were lost to follow\u2010up. In group 2, 45% of the patients experienced a complete pain disappearance after 7 days of treatment; 36% reported a reduction in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VNS<\/jats:styled-content> from 9\u00b73 to 3\u00b72 in 7 days; 19% stopped morphine\u2010like painkillers after 2 weeks. The clinical application of the stochastic resonance enables the usage of easy\u2010to\u2010use, non\u2010invasive, painless and pain\u2010relief treatment. Our experience with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ES<\/jats:styled-content> has demonstrated the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BST<\/jats:styled-content> device to be a very good alternative in cases of small size defects, compared with other therapies such as surgery, dressing and negative pressure devices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.12194","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,21]],"date-time":"2014-01-21T08:26:53Z","timestamp":1390292813000},"page":"669-673","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Electrical stimulation for difficult wounds: only an alternative procedure?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Marco","family":"Fraccalvieri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic, Reconstuctive and Aesthetic Surgery University of Turin  Torino Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Salomone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic, Reconstuctive and Aesthetic Surgery University of Turin  Torino Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrico M","family":"Zingarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic, Reconstuctive and Aesthetic Surgery University of Turin  Torino Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Rivarossa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic, Reconstuctive and Aesthetic Surgery University of Turin  Torino Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Bruschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic, Reconstuctive and Aesthetic Surgery University of Turin  Torino 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