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The EMBL\u2010EBI database and QIIME2 platform were used to obtain and process 16S rRNA sequencing data of normal healthy and DFU samples. The LEfSe software was utilised to retrieve key intestinal bacteria differentially expressed in DFUs. Additionally, PICRUSt2, FAPROTAX and BugBase functional analyses were performed to analyse the potential microbial functions and related metabolic pathways. The correlations between intestinal microbiota and clinical indexes were evaluated using the Spearman correlation analysis. Significant differences existed in intestinal microbiota between DFU and normal healthy samples regarding species abundance difference and compositions at Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus and Species levels. Seven microbiota were demonstrated differentially expressed in DFUs that contained <jats:italic>Bacteroidaceae<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Prevotellaceae<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Streptococcaceae<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Lactobacillales<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Bacilli<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Veillonellaceae<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Selenomonadales<\/jats:italic>. Insulin signalling pathway may be the key pathway related to the functional significance of <jats:italic>Streptococcus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Bacillus<\/jats:italic> in the DFUs. The intestinal microbiota in DFUs exhibited susceptibility to sulphur cycling while displaying pathogenic potential. Last but not least, a close relationship between <jats:italic>Streptococcus<\/jats:italic> and the occurrence of DFUs was revealed. Taken together, this study mainly demonstrated the high abundance of <jats:italic>Streptococcus<\/jats:italic> in DFUs and its correlation with the disease occurrence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.13766","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,3]],"date-time":"2022-02-03T01:58:59Z","timestamp":1643853539000},"page":"1658-1668","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["The contribution of intestinal <i>Streptococcus<\/i> to the pathogenesis of diabetic foot ulcers: An analysis based on <scp>16S rRNA<\/scp> sequencing"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Yunyang","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University  Qingdao Shandong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School 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