{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T14:15:40Z","timestamp":1784211340947,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,25]],"date-time":"2023-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007128","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020JQ\u2010962"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020JQ\u2010962"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007128","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Wound Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assist orthopaedic surgeons in choosing appropriate antibiotics, this study attempted to identify the common microorganisms that cause periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) and their respective drug resistance spectrums. The clinical data of 202 patients with PJI after primary hip and knee arthroplasty between January 2017 and December 2021 were retrospectively analysed. There were 84 males and 118 females, aged (63.03\u2009\u00b1\u200913.10) years (range: 24\u201389\u2009years). A total of 102 and 100 patients underwent total hip and total knee arthroplasty, respectively. Based on the time of postoperative infection, the patients were divided into acute (25 cases), delayed (91 cases), and chronic (86 cases) PJI groups. The results of pathogen species, composition ratio, and drug susceptibility tests were collected. Gram\u2010positive bacteria were the primary causative pathogens of PJI (58.91%, 119\/202), and their culture\u2010positive rates in patients with acute, delayed, and chronic PJI were 32.00% (8\/25), 62.64% (57\/91), and 62.79% (54\/86), respectively. <jats:italic>Staphylococcus epidermidis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> were the major gram\u2010positive bacteria detected, followed by gram\u2010negative bacteria (29\/202, 14.36%), and fungi (4\/202, 1.98%). Gram\u2010positive bacteria showed higher resistance to penicillin (81.25%), oxacillin (63.33%), erythromycin (61.17%), and clindamycin (48.35%) and 100% sensitivity to linezolid, vancomycin, daptomycin, and tigecycline. In gram\u2010negative bacteria, the drug resistance rates to cefazolin, gentamicin, furantoin, cefuroxime, ticacillin\/clavulanic acid, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, and tobramycin were &gt;50%. However, no vancomycin\u2010resistant bacteria were discovered in the current study. The drug resistance rate to carbapenems was low, ranging from 0% to 3.57%. Gram\u2010positive bacteria are the main causative pathogens of PJI, and the resistance rate of pathogens of chronic PJI is higher than those of delayed and acute PJI. Use of cefuroxime and clindamycin in patients with PJIs should proceed with caution because of the high drug resistance rate. Vancomycin can be used as a first\u2010line antibiotic against gram\u2010positive bacteria. Carbapenems can be used as the first choice against gram\u2010negative bacteria because of to their high sensitivity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.14212","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]],"date-time":"2023-04-26T05:45:55Z","timestamp":1682487955000},"page":"3315-3323","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Pathogenic bacteria characteristics and drug resistance in acute, delayed, and chronic periprosthetic joint infection: A retrospective analysis of 202 patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Yu","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an Shaanxi People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongsheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an Shaanxi People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an Shaanxi People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an Shaanxi People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an Shaanxi People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an Shaanxi People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2018.02.078"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.02196-21","article-title":"Enhancing diagnostics in orthopedic infections","volume":"60","author":"Eibhlin H","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin 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