{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T07:32:15Z","timestamp":1767166335726,"version":"build-2238731810"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,16]],"date-time":"2023-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700092800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Wound Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) pose significant clinical challenges, representing severe complications in diabetes mellitus patients and contributing to non\u2010traumatic amputations. Identifying reliable biomarkers can optimize early diagnosis and improve therapeutic outcomes. This study focused on evaluating the association between serum levels of 25\u2010hydroxyvitamin D [25\u2010(OH)D], Serum Retinol Binding Protein (RBP), and Cyclooxygenase\u20102 (COX\u20102) in elderly DFU patients. A retrospective study involving 240 participants, from March 2020 to March 2023. The participants were segmented into three cohorts: 80 with DFUs, 80 diabetic patients without DFUs, and 80 healthy controls. Serum concentrations of the three biomarkers were assayed using methods like enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), chemiluminescence immunoassay, and an automated biochemistry analyser. Comparisons were made both between groups and within the DFU group based on disease severity. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in biomarker levels across the groups (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). COX\u20102 and RBP concentrations were highest in the DFU group, followed by the non\u2010DFU diabetic group, and lowest in the control group. Conversely, 25(OH)D levels were highest in the control group, followed by the non\u2010DFU diabetic group, and lowest in the DFU group. Within the DFU group, RBP and COX\u20102 levels increased with disease severity, while 25(OH)D levels decreased. These variations were especially pronounced in patients with the most severe Wagner grading. A significant positive correlation was observed between disease severity and levels of RBP (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.651,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) and COX\u20102 (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.356,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Conversely, a significant negative correlation was identified between disease severity and 25(OH)D levels (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009\u22120.658,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Assessing 25(OH)D, RBP, and COX\u20102 serum levels offers a promising tool for evaluating the severity and progression of DFUs. Monitoring these biomarkers can enrich our understanding of the metabolic and inflammatory pathways of the disease and potentially refine therapeutic strategies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.14502","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]],"date-time":"2023-11-17T02:00:48Z","timestamp":1700186448000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["RETRACTED: Analysis of the association between serum levels of 25(\n                    <scp>OH<\/scp>\n                    )D, retinol binding protein, and Cyclooxygenase\u20102 and the disease severity in patients with diabetic foot ulcers"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Xuehui","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ward 1, The Department of Endocrinology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University  Weihui China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ward 1, The Department of Endocrinology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University  Weihui China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiangyu","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ward 1, The Department of Endocrinology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University  Weihui China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruina","family":"Geng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ward 1, The Department of Endocrinology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University  Weihui China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ward 1, The Department of Endocrinology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University  Weihui 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