{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T14:14:52Z","timestamp":1787494492831,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,15]],"date-time":"2024-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Wound Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Friction blisters are common among outdoor enthusiasts, yet their causes remain uncertain. This study aimed to compare foot hydration in long\u2010distance hikers with and without blisters, and to assess variability based on age and sex. An observational case\u2013control study involving 86 hikers was conducted. Skin hydration was measured using a corneometer on various foot zones. Data on blister count, footwear, sex, age, and temperature were recorded. The most hydrated zones were the digital area, forefoot, and heel. Higher hydration was found in the blister group (61.6%) compared to the control group (38.4%). A significant relationship between hydration and blisters was observed in the left foot (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.032). Total foot hydration was higher in women (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.007) and inversely related to age (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009\u22120.333;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.002). Hydration values above 30.40\u2009a.u. in the right foot and 27.37\u2009a.u. in the left foot were linked to blisters with 80% sensitivity. This study highlights the variability in foot hydration and its relationship with blisters. The influence of age and wet socks underscores the complexity of blister formation, emphasizing the need for future research on effective prevention.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.70024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,15]],"date-time":"2024-12-15T20:39:27Z","timestamp":1734295167000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Influence of skin hydration level on the occurrence of blisters on the foot during hiking"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9643-4548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alba","family":"Gracia\u2010S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament Behavioral Sciences and Health, Nursing Area, Faculty of Medicine University Miguel Hern\u00e1ndez  Alicante Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5536-2509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfonso","family":"Mart\u00ednez\u2010Nova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing University of Extremadura  Plasencia Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4887-7760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Coral","family":"Moya\u2010Cuenca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament Behavioral Sciences and Health, Nursing Area, Faculty of Medicine University Miguel Hern\u00e1ndez  Alicante Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6657-7636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Z\u00fanica\u2010Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament Behavioral Sciences and Health, Nursing Area, Faculty of Medicine University Miguel Hern\u00e1ndez  Alicante Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4766-5723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esther","family":"Chicharro\u2010Luna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament Behavioral Sciences and Health, Nursing Area, Faculty of Medicine University Miguel Hern\u00e1ndez, Institute of Health and Biomedical Research of Alicante (ISABIAL)  Alicante Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1580\/1080-6032(2002)013[0131:IAIALD]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wem.2018.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtv.2020.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-0309.22"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1580\/08-WEME-OR-196R2.1"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"22","article-title":"The clinical relevance of maintaining the functional integrity of the stratum corneum in both healthy and disease\u2010affected skin. Journal of clinical and aesthetic","volume":"4","author":"Del Rosso JQ","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-199520030-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7748\/ns.23.45.64.s53"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2004.011874"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/162.1.62"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7205\/MILMED-D-11-00325"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/159.2.130"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","first-page":"481","article-title":"The effect of two sock fabrics on perception and physiological parameters associated with blister incidence: a field study","volume":"56","author":"Bogerd CP","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Occup Hyg"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.55460\/LU12-P967"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wem.2017.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtv.2023.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2005.10.002"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","first-page":"214","article-title":"Skin response to mechanical stress: adaptation rather than breakdown \u2010 a review of the literature","volume":"32","author":"Sanders JE","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Rehabil Res Dev"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2003.12128.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.14668"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","first-page":"19","article-title":"Age, sex, and disease status as determinants of skin hydration and transepidermal water loss among children with and without eczema","volume":"26","author":"Hon KL","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hong Kong Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13047-015-0083-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtv.2021.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.12076"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-15921-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1473-2165.2007.00300.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12507530"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2008.0034"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.12136"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtv.2016.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.12633"}],"container-title":["International Wound Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/iwj.70024","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]],"date-time":"2024-12-19T01:43:16Z","timestamp":1734572596000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/iwj.70024"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/iwj.70024"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/iwj.70024","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1742-4801","1742-481X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1742-4801","type":"print"},{"value":"1742-481X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-06-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-08-01","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-12-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70024"}}