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This clinical study aimed to assess the effectiveness and underlying mechanisms of NPWT&amp;ALBC in the management of DFUs. A total of 28 patients were recruited, 16 of whom served as controls and received only NPWT, whilst 12 received NPWT&amp;ALBC. Both groups underwent wound repair surgery following the treatments. Blood samples were obtained to detect infections and inflammation. Wound tissue samples were also collected before and after the intervention to observe changes in inflammation, vascular structure and collagen through tissue staining. Compared with the NPWT group, the NPWT&amp;ALBC group exhibited a superior wound bed, which was characterised by reduced inflammation infiltration and enhanced collagen expression. Immunostaining revealed a decrease in IL\u20106 levels and an increase in \u03b1\u2010SMA, CD68, CD206 and collagen I expression. Western blot analysis demonstrated that NPWT&amp;ALBC led to a decrease in inflammation levels and an increase in vascularization and collagen content. NPWT&amp;ALBC therapy tends to form a wound bed with increased vascularization and M2 macrophage polarisation, which may contribute to DFUs wound healing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.70089","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,9]],"date-time":"2024-10-09T00:00:36Z","timestamp":1728432036000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Combination therapy of negative pressure wound therapy and antibiotic\u2010loaded bone cement for accelerating diabetic foot ulcer healing: A prospective randomised controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1360-7991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meifang","family":"Zhong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery Shenzhen Second People' s Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University)  Shenzhen 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