{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:16:14Z","timestamp":1764029774386,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,16]],"date-time":"2025-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763251200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Wound Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Hard\u2010to\u2010heal wounds are frequently associated with underlying conditions such as diabetes, vascular disease, and biofilm\u2010related infections. Accurate identification of microbial origin is essential, but is often hindered by biofilms. This study evaluated whether sonication of wound dressings, combined with different sample transport methods, improves bacterial detection in venous leg ulcers. In a prospective observational case\u2013control study, six patients with hard\u2010to\u2010heal venous leg ulcers received treatments with medical\u2010grade honey (MGH) (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20091), ceramic dressings \u2013 \u201cCerdak\u201d (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20092), or hydroactive dressings (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20093). Three microbiological samples were collected per patient: (1) conventional wound swab (Levin's technique) in Amies medium; (2) sonicate fluid from used dressings transported in sterile tubes without medium; and (3) sonicate fluid in haemoculture tubes (BACT\/ALERT). Total pathogen count and diversity were compared across sampling methods. Patient quality of life (QoL) was assessed using the Wound\u2010QoL instrument. Sonication revealed additional pathogens not detected by conventional swabs. The highest number of pathogens was found in sonicate fluid transported in haemoculture tubes (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200943), followed by swabs (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200939) and sterile tube transport (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200930). Adequate treatment significantly improved patients' QoL during the healing process. Dressing sonication, especially with haemoculture tube transport, enhances microbial identification and may improve diagnosis and management of hard\u2010to\u2010heal wounds.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.70778","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T03:54:47Z","timestamp":1763351687000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Testing Sonication and Different Transport Media to Enhance Microbial Detection in Hard\u2010to\u2010Heal Venous Leg Ulcers"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9988-7892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ad\u00e9la","family":"Holubov\u00e1","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Social Sciences University of South Bohemia  \u010cesk\u00e9 Bud\u011bjovice Czech Republic"},{"name":"DiaPodi Care, spol. s r.o.  Sob\u011bslav Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4042-8987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niels A. J.","family":"Cremers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Triticum Exploitatie BV  Maastricht the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Maastricht University Medical Centre  Maastricht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6264-0674","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Krause","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College, Department of Nursing  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lada","family":"Cetlov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences College of Polytechnics Jihlava  Jihlava Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jana","family":"Mat\u011bjkov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Synlab Czech s.r.o  Prague Czech Republic"},{"name":"Military Health Institute, Ministry of Defence of the Czech Republic  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1305-6455","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Pokorn\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences College of Polytechnics Jihlava  Jihlava Czech Republic"},{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University  Brno Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17460441.2019.1588879"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13696998.2023.2232256"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.12175"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","first-page":"8","article-title":"Data Sources for Monitoring of Non\u2010Healing Wounds in a National Heal Information System \u2013 Epidemiology of Non\u2010Healing Wounds Analysis of the National Register of Hospitalized Patients in 2007\u20132015","volume":"80","author":"Pokorna A.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ceskoslovenska Neurologie A Neurochirurgie"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wndm.2017.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15452\/cejnm.2020.11.0010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASW.0000461116.13218.43"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","first-page":"14","article-title":"Standardising Accurate Wound Assessment and Documentation","volume":"34","author":"Gray L.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Community Nursing"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","unstructured":"K. R.McGuckin \u201cIMI National Guidelines a Guide to Good Practice Wound Management Photography. Institute of Medical Illustrators \u201d2019McGuckin KR https:\/\/www.imi.org.uk\/wp\u2010content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/2019_Apr_IMINatGuidelines_Wound\u2010Management.pdf."},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","first-page":"379","article-title":"The Reliability of a Novel Mobile 3\u2010Dimensional Wound Measurement Device","volume":"28","author":"Anghel E. 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American Volume"}],"container-title":["International Wound Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/iwj.70778","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:11:38Z","timestamp":1764029498000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/iwj.70778"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/iwj.70778"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/iwj.70778","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1742-4801","1742-481X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1742-4801"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1742-481X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-22","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-16","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70778"}}