{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T00:27:21Z","timestamp":1787704041576,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Wound Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n The aim of this study was to evaluate the cost\u2010effectiveness of treating patients with Venous Leg Ulcers (\n VLUs<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) with the Muscle Pump Activation device (\n MPA<\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n geko<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) in Canada. This is a cost\u2010effectiveness analysis of the treatment of patients with\n VLUs<\/jats:styled-content>\n , using\n MPA<\/jats:styled-content>\n for 4\u2009weeks in addition to standard of care compression therapy (\n SOC<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), compared to\n SOC<\/jats:styled-content>\n alone using Canadian costs of\n VLU<\/jats:styled-content>\n treatment. The authors determined the Canadian costs for each visit for a patient with a\n VLU<\/jats:styled-content>\n to have their dressings performed at a nursing clinic. The total costs of treatment were determined based on healing rates from a randomized controlled trial from Wales that demonstrated a significant improvement in the healing of\n VLUs<\/jats:styled-content>\n when\n MPA<\/jats:styled-content>\n was used for 4\u2009weeks in addition to\n SOC<\/jats:styled-content>\n , compared to\n SOC<\/jats:styled-content>\n alone. The cost per visit to a nursing clinic for the treatment of a\n VLU<\/jats:styled-content>\n was estimated to be $109.71\n CAD<\/jats:styled-content>\n and dressing frequency was estimated to be an average of every 2.5\u2009days. Using projected healing rates over a 12\u2010month period based on the\n UK<\/jats:styled-content>\n paper, the model indicated that treatment with\n MPA<\/jats:styled-content>\n resulted in a cost savings of $983.61\n CAD<\/jats:styled-content>\n per patient. The average increase in ulcer free days was 56.6\u2009days per patient. The Incremental Cost Effectiveness Ratio (\n ICER<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) identified a saving of $17.38 per ulcer free day. This model based on Canadian costs resulted in faster healing of\n VLUs<\/jats:styled-content>\n and a reduced average Direct Wound Care Cost of $983.61 per patient for the whole of their ulcer treatment when the\n MPA<\/jats:styled-content>\n is used for 4\u2009weeks in addition to\n SOC<\/jats:styled-content>\n . This treatment has the potential for patient benefit as well as significant cost savings for the Canadian Health Care system.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.71014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T08:10:05Z","timestamp":1786608605000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cost Effectiveness of Venous Leg Ulcer Healing Using Muscle Pump Activation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0892-2985","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael C.","family":"Stacey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Connie","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Consultant Kitchener Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Loney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Consultant Kitchener Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Bayshore Home Care Solutions Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graham","family":"Corke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Consultant, Econometrics, Mathematical Economics Nepean Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","article-title":"Venous Leg Ulcers: Advanced Therapies and New Technologies","volume":"9","author":"Aleksandrowicz H.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomedicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","volume-title":"NCBI Bookshelf. 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